Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients
Background. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) may inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. We evaluated serum levels of TGF-β isoforms concurrently with serum levels of endotoxin and various inflammatory markers. In addition, we determined if any association exists between polymorphisms in the...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Nephrology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8702372 |
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| author | Muzamil Olamide Hassan Raquel Duarte Therese Dix-Peek Caroline Dickens Sagren Naidoo Ahmed Vachiat Sacha Grinter Pravin Manga Saraladevi Naicker |
| author_facet | Muzamil Olamide Hassan Raquel Duarte Therese Dix-Peek Caroline Dickens Sagren Naidoo Ahmed Vachiat Sacha Grinter Pravin Manga Saraladevi Naicker |
| author_sort | Muzamil Olamide Hassan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) may inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. We evaluated serum levels of TGF-β isoforms concurrently with serum levels of endotoxin and various inflammatory markers. In addition, we determined if any association exists between polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 gene and atherosclerosis in South African CKD patients. Methods. We studied 120 CKD patients and 40 healthy controls. Serum TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, endotoxin, and inflammatory markers were measured. Functional polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 genes were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer method and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography. Results. TGF-β isoforms levels were significantly lower in the patients with atherosclerosis compared to patients without atherosclerosis (p<0.001). Overall, TGF-β isoforms had inverse relationships with CIMT. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels were significantly lower in patients with carotid plaque compared to those without carotid plaque [TGF-β1: 31.9 (17.2 – 42.2) versus 45.9 (35.4 – 58.1) ng/ml, p=0.016; and TGF-β2: 1.46 (1.30 – 1.57) versus 1.70 (1.50 – 1.87) ng/ml, p=0.013]. In multiple logistic regression, age, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 were the only independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in CKD patients [age: odds ratio (OR), 1.054; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.003 – 1.109, p=0.039; TGF-β2: OR, 0.996; 95% CI: 0.994–0.999, p=0.018; TGF-β3: OR, 0.992; 95% CI: 0.985–0.999, p=0.029). TGF-β1 genotypes did not influence serum levels of TGF-β1 and no association was found between the TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms and atherosclerosis risk. Conclusion. TGF-β isoforms seem to offer protection against the development of atherosclerosis among South African CKD patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-93cc69ae5c804466ba7c82193e1057f8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-214X 2090-2158 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Nephrology |
| spelling | doaj-art-93cc69ae5c804466ba7c82193e1057f82025-02-03T05:43:32ZengWileyInternational Journal of Nephrology2090-214X2090-21582018-01-01201810.1155/2018/87023728702372Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD PatientsMuzamil Olamide Hassan0Raquel Duarte1Therese Dix-Peek2Caroline Dickens3Sagren Naidoo4Ahmed Vachiat5Sacha Grinter6Pravin Manga7Saraladevi Naicker8Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaInternal Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaInternal Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaInternal Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaDivision of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South AfricaBackground. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) may inhibit the development of atherosclerosis. We evaluated serum levels of TGF-β isoforms concurrently with serum levels of endotoxin and various inflammatory markers. In addition, we determined if any association exists between polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 gene and atherosclerosis in South African CKD patients. Methods. We studied 120 CKD patients and 40 healthy controls. Serum TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, endotoxin, and inflammatory markers were measured. Functional polymorphisms in the TGF-β1 genes were genotyped using a polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primer method and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) was assessed by B-mode ultrasonography. Results. TGF-β isoforms levels were significantly lower in the patients with atherosclerosis compared to patients without atherosclerosis (p<0.001). Overall, TGF-β isoforms had inverse relationships with CIMT. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 levels were significantly lower in patients with carotid plaque compared to those without carotid plaque [TGF-β1: 31.9 (17.2 – 42.2) versus 45.9 (35.4 – 58.1) ng/ml, p=0.016; and TGF-β2: 1.46 (1.30 – 1.57) versus 1.70 (1.50 – 1.87) ng/ml, p=0.013]. In multiple logistic regression, age, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 were the only independent predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in CKD patients [age: odds ratio (OR), 1.054; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.003 – 1.109, p=0.039; TGF-β2: OR, 0.996; 95% CI: 0.994–0.999, p=0.018; TGF-β3: OR, 0.992; 95% CI: 0.985–0.999, p=0.029). TGF-β1 genotypes did not influence serum levels of TGF-β1 and no association was found between the TGF-β1 gene polymorphisms and atherosclerosis risk. Conclusion. TGF-β isoforms seem to offer protection against the development of atherosclerosis among South African CKD patients.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8702372 |
| spellingShingle | Muzamil Olamide Hassan Raquel Duarte Therese Dix-Peek Caroline Dickens Sagren Naidoo Ahmed Vachiat Sacha Grinter Pravin Manga Saraladevi Naicker Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients International Journal of Nephrology |
| title | Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients |
| title_full | Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients |
| title_fullStr | Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients |
| title_short | Transforming Growth Factor-β Protects against Inflammation-Related Atherosclerosis in South African CKD Patients |
| title_sort | transforming growth factor β protects against inflammation related atherosclerosis in south african ckd patients |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8702372 |
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