The Impact of Bioactive Lipids on Cardiovascular Development
Lysophospholipids comprise a group of bioactive molecules with multiple biological functions. The cardinal members of this signalling molecule group are sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), lysophosphatidic acid...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2011-01-01
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| Series: | Stem Cells International |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/916180 |
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| Summary: | Lysophospholipids comprise a group of bioactive molecules with multiple
biological functions. The cardinal members of this signalling molecule
group are sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), lysophosphatidic acid
(LPA), and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) which are, at least in part,
homologous to each other. Bioactive lipids usually act via G-protein
coupled receptors (GPCRs), but can also function as direct
intracellular messengers. Recently, it became evident that bioactive
lipids play a role during cellular differentiation development. SPC
induces mesodermal differentiation of mouse ES cells
and differentiation of promyelocytic leukemia cells,
by a mechanism being critically dependent on
MEK-ERK signalling. LPA stimulates the clonal expansion of neurospheres
from neural stem/progenitor cells and induces c-fos via activation of
mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 (MSK1) in ES cells. S1P acts on hematopoietic progenitor cells as a
chemotactic factor and has also been found to be critical for
cardiac and skeletal muscle regeneration. Furthermore, S1P promotes
cardiogenesis and similarly activates Erk signalling in mouse ES
cells. Interestingly, S1P may also act to maintain human stem cell
pluripotency. Both LPA and S1P positively regulate the proliferative
capacity of murine ES cells. In this paper we will focus on the
differential and developmental impact of lysophospholipids on
cardiovascular development. |
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| ISSN: | 1687-966X 1687-9678 |