Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit

Abstract Background Risk-versus-benefit optimization required a quantitative comparison of the two. The latter, directly related to effective diagnosis, can be associated to clinical risk. While many strategies have been developed to ascertain radiation risk, there has been a paucity of studies asse...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Francesco Ria, Anru R. Zhang, Reginald Lerebours, Alaattin Erkanli, Ehsan Abadi, Daniele Marin, Ehsan Samei
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2024-12-01
Series:Communications Medicine
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00674-w
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1850254067492716544
author Francesco Ria
Anru R. Zhang
Reginald Lerebours
Alaattin Erkanli
Ehsan Abadi
Daniele Marin
Ehsan Samei
author_facet Francesco Ria
Anru R. Zhang
Reginald Lerebours
Alaattin Erkanli
Ehsan Abadi
Daniele Marin
Ehsan Samei
author_sort Francesco Ria
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Risk-versus-benefit optimization required a quantitative comparison of the two. The latter, directly related to effective diagnosis, can be associated to clinical risk. While many strategies have been developed to ascertain radiation risk, there has been a paucity of studies assessing clinical risk, thus limiting the optimization reach to achieve a minimum total risk to patients undergoing imaging examinations. In this study, we developed a mathematical framework for an imaging procedure total risk index considering both radiation and clinical risks based on specific tasks and investigated diseases. Methods The proposed model characterized total risk as the sum of radiation and clinical risks defined as functions of radiation burden, disease prevalence, false-positive rate, expected life-expectancy loss for misdiagnosis, and radiologist interpretative performance (i.e., AUC). The proposed total risk model was applied to a population of one million cases simulating a liver cancer scenario. Results For all demographics, the clinical risk outweighs radiation risk by at least 400%. The optimization application indicates that optimizing typical abdominal CT exams should involve a radiation dose increase in over 90% of the cases, with the highest risk optimization potential in Asian population (24% total risk reduction; 306% $${{CTDI}}_{{vol}}$$ C T D I v o l increase) and lowest in Hispanic population (5% total risk reduction; 89% $${{CTDI}}_{{vol}}$$ C T D I v o l increase). Conclusions Framing risk-to-benefit assessment as a risk-versus-risk question, calculating both clinical and radiation risk using comparable units, allows a quantitative optimization of total risks in CT. The results highlight the dominance of clinical risk at typical CT examination dose levels, and that exaggerated dose reductions can even harm patients.
format Article
id doaj-art-934000b145014506a6d0ad368615f74c
institution OA Journals
issn 2730-664X
language English
publishDate 2024-12-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Communications Medicine
spelling doaj-art-934000b145014506a6d0ad368615f74c2025-08-20T01:57:12ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Medicine2730-664X2024-12-01411910.1038/s43856-024-00674-wOptimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefitFrancesco Ria0Anru R. Zhang1Reginald Lerebours2Alaattin Erkanli3Ehsan Abadi4Daniele Marin5Ehsan Samei6Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Department of Radiology, Duke University Health SystemDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics and Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics and Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityDepartment of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics and Department of Computer Science, Duke UniversityCarl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Department of Radiology, Duke University Health SystemDepartment of Radiology, Duke University Health SystemCarl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Labs, Center for Virtual Imaging Trials, Department of Radiology, Duke University Health SystemAbstract Background Risk-versus-benefit optimization required a quantitative comparison of the two. The latter, directly related to effective diagnosis, can be associated to clinical risk. While many strategies have been developed to ascertain radiation risk, there has been a paucity of studies assessing clinical risk, thus limiting the optimization reach to achieve a minimum total risk to patients undergoing imaging examinations. In this study, we developed a mathematical framework for an imaging procedure total risk index considering both radiation and clinical risks based on specific tasks and investigated diseases. Methods The proposed model characterized total risk as the sum of radiation and clinical risks defined as functions of radiation burden, disease prevalence, false-positive rate, expected life-expectancy loss for misdiagnosis, and radiologist interpretative performance (i.e., AUC). The proposed total risk model was applied to a population of one million cases simulating a liver cancer scenario. Results For all demographics, the clinical risk outweighs radiation risk by at least 400%. The optimization application indicates that optimizing typical abdominal CT exams should involve a radiation dose increase in over 90% of the cases, with the highest risk optimization potential in Asian population (24% total risk reduction; 306% $${{CTDI}}_{{vol}}$$ C T D I v o l increase) and lowest in Hispanic population (5% total risk reduction; 89% $${{CTDI}}_{{vol}}$$ C T D I v o l increase). Conclusions Framing risk-to-benefit assessment as a risk-versus-risk question, calculating both clinical and radiation risk using comparable units, allows a quantitative optimization of total risks in CT. The results highlight the dominance of clinical risk at typical CT examination dose levels, and that exaggerated dose reductions can even harm patients.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00674-w
spellingShingle Francesco Ria
Anru R. Zhang
Reginald Lerebours
Alaattin Erkanli
Ehsan Abadi
Daniele Marin
Ehsan Samei
Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
Communications Medicine
title Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
title_full Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
title_fullStr Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
title_short Optimization of abdominal CT based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
title_sort optimization of abdominal ct based on a model of total risk minimization by putting radiation risk in perspective with imaging benefit
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00674-w
work_keys_str_mv AT francescoria optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT anrurzhang optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT reginaldlerebours optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT alaattinerkanli optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT ehsanabadi optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT danielemarin optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit
AT ehsansamei optimizationofabdominalctbasedonamodeloftotalriskminimizationbyputtingradiationriskinperspectivewithimagingbenefit