Associations between Life’s Crucial 9 and severity, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: the mediating role of phenotypic age acceleration

Associations between Life’s Crucial 9 and severity, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality in individuals with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: the mediating role of phenotypic age acceleration

ObjectiveThe American Heart Association (AHA) recently introduced the concept of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome. This study aimed to explore the associations of Life’s Crucial 9 (LC9), the recently updated lifestyle guidelines for cardiovascular health, with the severity and mortalit...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Jing Li, Zengxin Xu, Jiayi Lin, Shunxiang Luo, Shanghua Xu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-08-01
Series:Frontiers in Nutrition
Subjects:
Life’s Crucial 9
cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome
phenotypic age acceleration
restricted cubic spline
NHANES
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2025.1612293/full
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