The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients
Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is significantly correlated with glycolipid metabolic disorders. Increased GDF15 levels are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes as well as a poorer diabetes progression and prognosis. This is a prospective cohort stud...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01588-w |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832585507696017408 |
|---|---|
| author | Wan-Chi Chuang Chih-Hsun Chu Cai-Sin Yao Mei-Chih Wei I-Lun Hsieh Chia-Mei Liao |
| author_facet | Wan-Chi Chuang Chih-Hsun Chu Cai-Sin Yao Mei-Chih Wei I-Lun Hsieh Chia-Mei Liao |
| author_sort | Wan-Chi Chuang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is significantly correlated with glycolipid metabolic disorders. Increased GDF15 levels are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes as well as a poorer diabetes progression and prognosis. This is a prospective cohort study investigated the association between circulating GDF15 and diabetic peripheral artery disease. Methods A total of 174 diabetic patients aged 20–80 were enrolled. Plasma GDF15 levels were measured using ELISA. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) was evaluated with the Ankle brachial index (ABI) and the Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Results We found that diabetic patients with higher serum GDF15 levels (mean: 2521.5 pg/mL) had a higher incidence of peripheral artery disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that patients with high serum GDF15 levels were at an increased risk of developing peripheral artery disease. High GDF15 levels were associated with ABI < 0.9 (right and left mean 19.5% p = 0.80, OR:1.13; 95%CI: [0.44–2.90]). Increased age (p = 0.025 OR:1.02; 95% CI [0.13–0.87]), family history (p = 0.001 OR:1.37; 95%CI: [0.37–5.05]), heart failure (p = 0.002 OR:4.96; 95%CI: [1.76–13.97]), sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitor use (p = 0.026), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = < 0.001), and uric acid (p = < 0.001) was also positively associated with high GDF15 levels. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (p = < 0.010) was associated with higher GDF15 levels after one year of follow up. Conclusions Elevated GDF15 was significantly associated with worsening metabolic parameters and an increased risk of peripheral artery disease. Thus, it may be a stronger predictor of these outcomes in people with diabetes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91d3ca540f0e4ee5952d0327aa72daa4 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1758-5996 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome |
| spelling | doaj-art-91d3ca540f0e4ee5952d0327aa72daa42025-01-26T12:45:33ZengBMCDiabetology & Metabolic Syndrome1758-59962025-01-011711810.1186/s13098-025-01588-wThe value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patientsWan-Chi Chuang0Chih-Hsun Chu1Cai-Sin Yao2Mei-Chih Wei3I-Lun Hsieh4Chia-Mei Liao5Kaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalKaohsiung Veterans General HospitalAbstract Background Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is significantly correlated with glycolipid metabolic disorders. Increased GDF15 levels are associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes as well as a poorer diabetes progression and prognosis. This is a prospective cohort study investigated the association between circulating GDF15 and diabetic peripheral artery disease. Methods A total of 174 diabetic patients aged 20–80 were enrolled. Plasma GDF15 levels were measured using ELISA. Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) was evaluated with the Ankle brachial index (ABI) and the Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). Results We found that diabetic patients with higher serum GDF15 levels (mean: 2521.5 pg/mL) had a higher incidence of peripheral artery disease. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that patients with high serum GDF15 levels were at an increased risk of developing peripheral artery disease. High GDF15 levels were associated with ABI < 0.9 (right and left mean 19.5% p = 0.80, OR:1.13; 95%CI: [0.44–2.90]). Increased age (p = 0.025 OR:1.02; 95% CI [0.13–0.87]), family history (p = 0.001 OR:1.37; 95%CI: [0.37–5.05]), heart failure (p = 0.002 OR:4.96; 95%CI: [1.76–13.97]), sodium-glucose linked transporter 2 (SGLT 2) inhibitor use (p = 0.026), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = < 0.001), and uric acid (p = < 0.001) was also positively associated with high GDF15 levels. Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) (p = < 0.010) was associated with higher GDF15 levels after one year of follow up. Conclusions Elevated GDF15 was significantly associated with worsening metabolic parameters and an increased risk of peripheral artery disease. Thus, it may be a stronger predictor of these outcomes in people with diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01588-wGrowth differentiation factor 15Peripheral artery diseaseType 2 DM |
| spellingShingle | Wan-Chi Chuang Chih-Hsun Chu Cai-Sin Yao Mei-Chih Wei I-Lun Hsieh Chia-Mei Liao The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome Growth differentiation factor 15 Peripheral artery disease Type 2 DM |
| title | The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| title_full | The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| title_fullStr | The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| title_short | The value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| title_sort | value of growth differentiation factor 15 as a biomarker for peripheral artery disease in diabetes patients |
| topic | Growth differentiation factor 15 Peripheral artery disease Type 2 DM |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13098-025-01588-w |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wanchichuang thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT chihhsunchu thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT caisinyao thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT meichihwei thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT ilunhsieh thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT chiameiliao thevalueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT wanchichuang valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT chihhsunchu valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT caisinyao valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT meichihwei valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT ilunhsieh valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients AT chiameiliao valueofgrowthdifferentiationfactor15asabiomarkerforperipheralarterydiseaseindiabetespatients |