Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study
Abstract Introduction Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is cr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05430-7 |
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| author | Cynthia Cantarutti Gerardo Yévenes Agueda Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia Daniela Adorno-Farias Ricardo Fernández-Ramires Alan Roger Santos-Silva Jean Nunes dos Santos Ignacio Molina-Ávila Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada |
| author_facet | Cynthia Cantarutti Gerardo Yévenes Agueda Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia Daniela Adorno-Farias Ricardo Fernández-Ramires Alan Roger Santos-Silva Jean Nunes dos Santos Ignacio Molina-Ávila Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada |
| author_sort | Cynthia Cantarutti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions. This study aims to evaluate the determinants and self-perception of oral health through a mixed study within a specific indigenous community in the north of Chile. Furthermore, this is the first study to examine oral health in the Quechua and Aymara communities of Chile. Methods This exploratory study was conducted in in two phases: a quantitative phase, involving clinical examination and administration of questionnaires; and qualitative phase, consisting of interviews with subset of participants from the quantitative phase. A descriptive statistic of the quantitative data was performed. Results While no significant differences were found between indigenous and non-indigenous population in this city of Chile, differences were observed between the two main indigenous communities (Aymaras and Quechuas). Historical factors appeared to influence these differences. Belonging to the Aymara community emerges as a significant determinant of oral health, characterized by a greater need for oral rehabilitation, barriers to accessing dental care, lower self-perception of the quality of oral health. Educational level and rurality were identified as factors potentially affecting the oral health status of this community. Conclusion Ethnicity can influence in oral health, primarily in relation to rurality and educational level. This study found no significant overall differences in oral health between Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants. However, Quechuas exhibited better oral health than Aymaras. Participants demonstrated good oral health knowledge and a positive attitude towards prevention, despite recalling limited education in their youth. We emphasize the need for implementing strategies for oral health promotion and prevention that consider cultural, linguistic and specific needs of these communities. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91cbaad50c3f42ebb0c78876ac1b7456 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-91cbaad50c3f42ebb0c78876ac1b74562025-01-19T12:41:08ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312025-01-0125111110.1186/s12903-025-05430-7Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative studyCynthia Cantarutti0Gerardo Yévenes1Agueda Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia2Daniela Adorno-Farias3Ricardo Fernández-Ramires4Alan Roger Santos-Silva5Jean Nunes dos Santos6Ignacio Molina-Ávila7Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada8Escuela de Odontología, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de ChileCarrera de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo PratVicerrectorado de Investigación, Universidad Católica de Santa MaríaDepartamento de Patología y Medicina Oral, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de ChileFacultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad MayorOral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of CampinasFaculdade de Odontologia, Patologia Oral, Universidade Federal de BahíaHospital Dr. Arturo OnativiaFacultad de Odontología, Universidad de los Andes, ChileAbstract Introduction Certain aspects of indigenous communities, such as cultural practices and access to care, have been discussed as potential determinants of oral health. However, research on this topic remains limited. Understanding the factors influencing oral health and their perceptions is crucial for developing culturally appropriate interventions. This study aims to evaluate the determinants and self-perception of oral health through a mixed study within a specific indigenous community in the north of Chile. Furthermore, this is the first study to examine oral health in the Quechua and Aymara communities of Chile. Methods This exploratory study was conducted in in two phases: a quantitative phase, involving clinical examination and administration of questionnaires; and qualitative phase, consisting of interviews with subset of participants from the quantitative phase. A descriptive statistic of the quantitative data was performed. Results While no significant differences were found between indigenous and non-indigenous population in this city of Chile, differences were observed between the two main indigenous communities (Aymaras and Quechuas). Historical factors appeared to influence these differences. Belonging to the Aymara community emerges as a significant determinant of oral health, characterized by a greater need for oral rehabilitation, barriers to accessing dental care, lower self-perception of the quality of oral health. Educational level and rurality were identified as factors potentially affecting the oral health status of this community. Conclusion Ethnicity can influence in oral health, primarily in relation to rurality and educational level. This study found no significant overall differences in oral health between Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants. However, Quechuas exhibited better oral health than Aymaras. Participants demonstrated good oral health knowledge and a positive attitude towards prevention, despite recalling limited education in their youth. We emphasize the need for implementing strategies for oral health promotion and prevention that consider cultural, linguistic and specific needs of these communities.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05430-7Oral healthIndigenous populationHealth status disparitiesHealth knowledgeSelf-perception |
| spellingShingle | Cynthia Cantarutti Gerardo Yévenes Agueda Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia Daniela Adorno-Farias Ricardo Fernández-Ramires Alan Roger Santos-Silva Jean Nunes dos Santos Ignacio Molina-Ávila Wilfredo Alejandro González-Arriagada Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study BMC Oral Health Oral health Indigenous population Health status disparities Health knowledge Self-perception |
| title | Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| title_full | Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| title_fullStr | Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| title_short | Social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of Chile: preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| title_sort | social determinants of oral health in an indigenous community of chile preliminary data of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study |
| topic | Oral health Indigenous population Health status disparities Health knowledge Self-perception |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-05430-7 |
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