Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective
Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food industry worldwide because it allows faster intensive production in a limited space and short time. However, the trade-off of this production scheme has led to infectious disease outbreaks that harm food production with economic impacts. Immunostimulants have...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Héctor Rodrigo Nolasco-Alzaga Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante Mariel Gullian-Klanian Juan Antonio de Anda-Montañez Antonio Luna-González Fernando Aranceta Marcelo E. Araneda-Padilla Carlos Angulo |
| author_facet | Héctor Rodrigo Nolasco-Alzaga Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante Mariel Gullian-Klanian Juan Antonio de Anda-Montañez Antonio Luna-González Fernando Aranceta Marcelo E. Araneda-Padilla Carlos Angulo |
| author_sort | Héctor Rodrigo Nolasco-Alzaga |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food industry worldwide because it allows faster intensive production in a limited space and short time. However, the trade-off of this production scheme has led to infectious disease outbreaks that harm food production with economic impacts. Immunostimulants have entered the industry to fight against diseases by enhancing the immune system and conferring better protection against pathogens. In this regard, dietary immunostimulants have been tested at the farm level, such as carbohydrates and proteins known to enhance immunity and improve survival rates under experimental conditions. Despite the success of immunostimulant inclusion in experimental aquaculture, economic evaluation is an innovative avenue to be integrated when a novel immunostimulant is developed. The bioeconomic analysis permits the accurate demonstration of advantages or disadvantages regarding survival and yield performance upon immunostimulant application through mathematical and statistical estimates. An integrative bioeconomic model for testing a novel immunostimulant should contemplate technological, biological, and economic submodels at least; thus, financial variables, such as revenue, costs, and profitability, should also be considered for proper decision-making. Therefore, this perspective briefly describes the most relevant immunostimulants used in shrimp farms and offers bioeconomic elements that should be considered for affordable immunostimulant development and inclusion in shrimp aquaculture. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-91ad8eff021048e9b8795872f7d9cae7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj-art-91ad8eff021048e9b8795872f7d9cae72025-01-24T13:17:39ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152025-01-0115212410.3390/ani15020124Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic PerspectiveHéctor Rodrigo Nolasco-Alzaga0Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante1Mariel Gullian-Klanian2Juan Antonio de Anda-Montañez3Antonio Luna-González4Fernando Aranceta5Marcelo E. Araneda-Padilla6Carlos Angulo7Immunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, MexicoImmunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, MexicoUnidad Experimental, Universidad Marista de Mérida, Periférico Nte. Tablaje Catastral 13941, Mérida 97300, MexicoImmunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, MexicoInstituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional (Sinaloa), Blvd. Juan de Dios Bátiz Paredes #250, Guasave 81049, MexicoCONAHCYT—Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, La Paz 23096, MexicoBenchmark Genetics Chile, Área de Gestión, Control y Análisis Santa Rosa 560 Oficina 25 B, Puerto Varas 5550200, ChileImmunology & Vaccinology Group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz 23096, MexicoAquaculture is the fastest-growing food industry worldwide because it allows faster intensive production in a limited space and short time. However, the trade-off of this production scheme has led to infectious disease outbreaks that harm food production with economic impacts. Immunostimulants have entered the industry to fight against diseases by enhancing the immune system and conferring better protection against pathogens. In this regard, dietary immunostimulants have been tested at the farm level, such as carbohydrates and proteins known to enhance immunity and improve survival rates under experimental conditions. Despite the success of immunostimulant inclusion in experimental aquaculture, economic evaluation is an innovative avenue to be integrated when a novel immunostimulant is developed. The bioeconomic analysis permits the accurate demonstration of advantages or disadvantages regarding survival and yield performance upon immunostimulant application through mathematical and statistical estimates. An integrative bioeconomic model for testing a novel immunostimulant should contemplate technological, biological, and economic submodels at least; thus, financial variables, such as revenue, costs, and profitability, should also be considered for proper decision-making. Therefore, this perspective briefly describes the most relevant immunostimulants used in shrimp farms and offers bioeconomic elements that should be considered for affordable immunostimulant development and inclusion in shrimp aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/124survival rate increaseyield improvementeconomic benefitsimmunostimulantshrimp aquaculture |
| spellingShingle | Héctor Rodrigo Nolasco-Alzaga Elizabeth Monreal-Escalante Mariel Gullian-Klanian Juan Antonio de Anda-Montañez Antonio Luna-González Fernando Aranceta Marcelo E. Araneda-Padilla Carlos Angulo Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective Animals survival rate increase yield improvement economic benefits immunostimulant shrimp aquaculture |
| title | Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective |
| title_full | Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective |
| title_short | Use of Immunostimulants in Shrimp Farming—A Bioeconomic Perspective |
| title_sort | use of immunostimulants in shrimp farming a bioeconomic perspective |
| topic | survival rate increase yield improvement economic benefits immunostimulant shrimp aquaculture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/15/2/124 |
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