Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population
Abstract Objective: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern associated with several health benefits, including reduction of risk for various cancers. We conducted a study to investigate associations between adherence to the MD and colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype risk among Moroccan adults...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
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| Series: | Public Health Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000199/type/journal_article |
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| author | Khaoula El Kinany Zineb Hatime Achraf El Asri Abdelilah Benslimane Meimouna Deoula Btissame Zarrouq Pagona Lagiou Karima El Rhazi |
| author_facet | Khaoula El Kinany Zineb Hatime Achraf El Asri Abdelilah Benslimane Meimouna Deoula Btissame Zarrouq Pagona Lagiou Karima El Rhazi |
| author_sort | Khaoula El Kinany |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Abstract
Objective:
The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern associated with several health benefits, including reduction of risk for various cancers. We conducted a study to investigate associations between adherence to the MD and colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype risk among Moroccan adults.
Design:
A matched case-control study.
Setting:
The five major university hospitals in Morocco.
Participants:
A total of 3032 subjects (1516 CRC patients and 1516 controls) matched on age, sex and center, were recruited between September 2009 and February 2017 at five major hospitals in Morocco. Diet was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed through a score, ranging from 0 (no adherence) to 10 (maximal adherence) and divided into three categories (low, middle and high). Conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate multivariable odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with low adherence (score 0-3) as referent, adjusting for potential confounding factors.
Results:
Close adherence to the Mediterranean diet (score 6-9) was associated with reduced risk of CRC (ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.86); rectal cancer (ORa = 0.73, 95% CI 0.58- 0.90) and colon cancer (ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.92).
Conclusion:
Our study, conducted in a southern Mediterranean population, adds to the evidence suggesting a protective effect of MD against CRC risk.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-911e079c4ace439c98b2e2ca1a13562c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1368-9800 1475-2727 |
| language | English |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Public Health Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj-art-911e079c4ace439c98b2e2ca1a13562c2025-02-06T08:21:53ZengCambridge University PressPublic Health Nutrition1368-98001475-272712110.1017/S1368980025000199Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan populationKhaoula El Kinany0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2861-7224Zineb Hatime1Achraf El Asri2Abdelilah Benslimane3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5923-4843Meimouna Deoula4Btissame Zarrouq5Pagona Lagiou6Karima El Rhazi7Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez, Morocco. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco Email:Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez, Morocco. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Email:Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques, Fez, Morocco. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Email:Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Email:Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Department of Biology and Geology, Teachers Training College (Ecole Normale Superieure), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco. Email:Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece. Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. Email:Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco Abstract Objective: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a dietary pattern associated with several health benefits, including reduction of risk for various cancers. We conducted a study to investigate associations between adherence to the MD and colorectal cancer (CRC) subtype risk among Moroccan adults. Design: A matched case-control study. Setting: The five major university hospitals in Morocco. Participants: A total of 3032 subjects (1516 CRC patients and 1516 controls) matched on age, sex and center, were recruited between September 2009 and February 2017 at five major hospitals in Morocco. Diet was assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was assessed through a score, ranging from 0 (no adherence) to 10 (maximal adherence) and divided into three categories (low, middle and high). Conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate multivariable odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) with low adherence (score 0-3) as referent, adjusting for potential confounding factors. Results: Close adherence to the Mediterranean diet (score 6-9) was associated with reduced risk of CRC (ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.63-0.86); rectal cancer (ORa = 0.73, 95% CI 0.58- 0.90) and colon cancer (ORa = 0.74, 95% CI 0.60-0.92). Conclusion: Our study, conducted in a southern Mediterranean population, adds to the evidence suggesting a protective effect of MD against CRC risk. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000199/type/journal_articleMediterranean dietMediterranean diet scorecolorectal cancercase-controlMorocco |
| spellingShingle | Khaoula El Kinany Zineb Hatime Achraf El Asri Abdelilah Benslimane Meimouna Deoula Btissame Zarrouq Pagona Lagiou Karima El Rhazi Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population Public Health Nutrition Mediterranean diet Mediterranean diet score colorectal cancer case-control Morocco |
| title | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population |
| title_full | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population |
| title_short | Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk: a large case control study in the Moroccan population |
| title_sort | adherence to the mediterranean diet and colorectal cancer risk a large case control study in the moroccan population |
| topic | Mediterranean diet Mediterranean diet score colorectal cancer case-control Morocco |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S1368980025000199/type/journal_article |
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