Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models
This paper focuses on the analysis of murder in Namibia using Bayesian spatial smoothing approach with temporal trends. The analysis was based on the reported cases from 13 regions of Namibia for the period 2002–2006 complemented with regional population sizes. The evaluated random effects include s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Probability and Statistics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194018 |
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| author | Isak Neema Dankmar Böhning |
| author_facet | Isak Neema Dankmar Böhning |
| author_sort | Isak Neema |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This paper focuses on the analysis of murder in Namibia using Bayesian spatial smoothing approach with temporal trends. The analysis was based on the reported cases from 13 regions of Namibia for the period 2002–2006 complemented with regional population sizes. The evaluated random effects include space-time structured heterogeneity measuring the effect of regional clustering, unstructured heterogeneity, time, space and time interaction and population density. The model consists of carefully chosen prior and hyper-prior distributions for parameters and hyper-parameters, with inference conducted using Gibbs sampling algorithm and sensitivity test for model validation. The posterior mean estimate of the parameters from the model using DIC as model selection criteria show that most of the variation in the relative risk of murder is due to regional clustering, while the effect of population density and time was insignificant. The sensitivity analysis indicates that both intrinsic and Laplace CAR prior can be adopted as prior distribution for the space-time heterogeneity. In addition, the relative risk map show risk structure of increasing north-south gradient, pointing to low risk in northern regions of Namibia, while Karas and Khomas region experience long-term increase in murder risk. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-90db6104e79a4a788b19f8301ef36db8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-952X 1687-9538 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Probability and Statistics |
| spelling | doaj-art-90db6104e79a4a788b19f8301ef36db82025-02-03T01:21:50ZengWileyJournal of Probability and Statistics1687-952X1687-95382012-01-01201210.1155/2012/194018194018Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time ModelsIsak Neema0Dankmar Böhning1Department of Statistics, University of Namibia, P.O. Box 13301, Windhoek, NamibiaSchool of Mathematics and Southampton Statistical Sciences Research Institute, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UKThis paper focuses on the analysis of murder in Namibia using Bayesian spatial smoothing approach with temporal trends. The analysis was based on the reported cases from 13 regions of Namibia for the period 2002–2006 complemented with regional population sizes. The evaluated random effects include space-time structured heterogeneity measuring the effect of regional clustering, unstructured heterogeneity, time, space and time interaction and population density. The model consists of carefully chosen prior and hyper-prior distributions for parameters and hyper-parameters, with inference conducted using Gibbs sampling algorithm and sensitivity test for model validation. The posterior mean estimate of the parameters from the model using DIC as model selection criteria show that most of the variation in the relative risk of murder is due to regional clustering, while the effect of population density and time was insignificant. The sensitivity analysis indicates that both intrinsic and Laplace CAR prior can be adopted as prior distribution for the space-time heterogeneity. In addition, the relative risk map show risk structure of increasing north-south gradient, pointing to low risk in northern regions of Namibia, while Karas and Khomas region experience long-term increase in murder risk.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194018 |
| spellingShingle | Isak Neema Dankmar Böhning Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models Journal of Probability and Statistics |
| title | Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models |
| title_full | Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models |
| title_fullStr | Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models |
| title_short | Monitoring Murder Crime in Namibia Using Bayesian Space-Time Models |
| title_sort | monitoring murder crime in namibia using bayesian space time models |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/194018 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT isakneema monitoringmurdercrimeinnamibiausingbayesianspacetimemodels AT dankmarbohning monitoringmurdercrimeinnamibiausingbayesianspacetimemodels |