Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can result in serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. It was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019 and rapidly spread globally, becoming a pandemic in March 2020. Among comor...

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Main Authors: Ersilia Nigro, Fabio Perrotta, Rita Polito, Vito D’Agnano, Filippo Scialò, Andrea Bianco, Aurora Daniele
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2020-01-01
Series:International Journal of Endocrinology
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8896536
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author Ersilia Nigro
Fabio Perrotta
Rita Polito
Vito D’Agnano
Filippo Scialò
Andrea Bianco
Aurora Daniele
author_facet Ersilia Nigro
Fabio Perrotta
Rita Polito
Vito D’Agnano
Filippo Scialò
Andrea Bianco
Aurora Daniele
author_sort Ersilia Nigro
collection DOAJ
description Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can result in serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. It was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019 and rapidly spread globally, becoming a pandemic in March 2020. Among comorbidities observed in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, hypertension (68.3%) and type 2-diabetes (30.1%) are the most frequent conditions. Although symptoms are highly heterogeneous (ranging from absence of symptoms to severe acute respiratory failure), patients with metabolic-associated diseases often experience worse COVID-19 outcomes. This review investigates the association between metabolic disorders and COVID-19 severity, exploring the molecular mechanisms potentially underlying this relationship and those that are responsible for more severe COVID-19 outcomes. In addition, the role of the main biological processes that may connect metabolic alterations to SARS-CoV-2 infection such as hyperglycemia, immune system deregulation, ACE-2 receptor modulation, and inflammatory response is described. The impact of metabolic disorders on the prognosis of COVID-19 has major implications in public health especially for countries affected by a high incidence of metabolic diseases.
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issn 1687-8337
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series International Journal of Endocrinology
spelling doaj-art-90db45b13a3541f492cea674631de22a2025-02-03T01:08:11ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452020-01-01202010.1155/2020/88965368896536Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular PathwaysErsilia Nigro0Fabio Perrotta1Rita Polito2Vito D’Agnano3Filippo Scialò4Andrea Bianco5Aurora Daniele6Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi Della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via G. Vivaldi 42, Caserta 81100, ItalyDipartimento di Medicina e Scienze Della Salute “V. Tiberio”, Università Del Molise, Campobasso 86100, ItalyCEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate Scarl, Via G. Salvatore 486, Napoli 80145, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali e Chirurgiche, Università Della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali e Chirurgiche, Università Della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali e Chirurgiche, Università Della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli 80131, ItalyDipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Ambientali Biologiche Farmaceutiche, Università Degli Studi Della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via G. Vivaldi 42, Caserta 81100, ItalyCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus, which can result in serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia leading to respiratory failure. It was first reported in Wuhan, Hubei, China, in December 2019 and rapidly spread globally, becoming a pandemic in March 2020. Among comorbidities observed in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients, hypertension (68.3%) and type 2-diabetes (30.1%) are the most frequent conditions. Although symptoms are highly heterogeneous (ranging from absence of symptoms to severe acute respiratory failure), patients with metabolic-associated diseases often experience worse COVID-19 outcomes. This review investigates the association between metabolic disorders and COVID-19 severity, exploring the molecular mechanisms potentially underlying this relationship and those that are responsible for more severe COVID-19 outcomes. In addition, the role of the main biological processes that may connect metabolic alterations to SARS-CoV-2 infection such as hyperglycemia, immune system deregulation, ACE-2 receptor modulation, and inflammatory response is described. The impact of metabolic disorders on the prognosis of COVID-19 has major implications in public health especially for countries affected by a high incidence of metabolic diseases.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8896536
spellingShingle Ersilia Nigro
Fabio Perrotta
Rita Polito
Vito D’Agnano
Filippo Scialò
Andrea Bianco
Aurora Daniele
Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
International Journal of Endocrinology
title Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
title_full Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
title_fullStr Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
title_full_unstemmed Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
title_short Metabolic Perturbations and Severe COVID-19 Disease: Implication of Molecular Pathways
title_sort metabolic perturbations and severe covid 19 disease implication of molecular pathways
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8896536
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