Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation
Due to oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, boar semen cryopreservation remains a significant challenge. This study investigates the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, on the post-thaw boar sperm quality during cryopreservation. Boar semen was...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| author | Shanpeng Wang Qi Wang Lingjiang Min Hailiang Cao Adedeji O. Adetunji Kaifeng Zhou Zhendong Zhu |
| author_facet | Shanpeng Wang Qi Wang Lingjiang Min Hailiang Cao Adedeji O. Adetunji Kaifeng Zhou Zhendong Zhu |
| author_sort | Shanpeng Wang |
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| description | Due to oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, boar semen cryopreservation remains a significant challenge. This study investigates the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, on the post-thaw boar sperm quality during cryopreservation. Boar semen was diluted in a freezing extender containing different concentrations of PQQ (0, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 nM). After freezing–thawing, the sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, DNA integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, mitochondrial transcription proteins levels, and fertilization capacity were assessed. The results show that 1000 nM PQQ supplementation to the freezing extender significantly enhanced post-thaw sperm motility, viability, and acrosome integrity compared to the control (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, 1000 nM PQQ increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP levels, while decreasing MDA and mitochondrial ROS levels, and reducing DNA damage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of mitochondrial-encoded proteins were significantly elevated in the 1000 nM PQQ group compared to the control (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Interestingly, sperm in the 1000 nM PQQ group showed a higher binding rate to oviductal epithelial cells and the zona pellucida (ZP), indicating higher fertilization potential. These findings suggest that the use of mitochondria-target antioxidant, PQQ, can improve post-thaw boar sperm quality and fertilization via its capacity to reduce oxidative stress and protect mitochondrial function. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9095d96c20b14a71a03b8755d9a53e0a |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj-art-9095d96c20b14a71a03b8755d9a53e0a2025-01-24T13:19:29ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212025-01-0114110210.3390/antiox14010102Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During CryopreservationShanpeng Wang0Qi Wang1Lingjiang Min2Hailiang Cao3Adedeji O. Adetunji4Kaifeng Zhou5Zhendong Zhu6College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, ChinaQingdao RATO Industrial and Trading Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266000, ChinaDepartment of Agriculture, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USAShandong Provincial Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan 250022, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, ChinaDue to oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, boar semen cryopreservation remains a significant challenge. This study investigates the effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, on the post-thaw boar sperm quality during cryopreservation. Boar semen was diluted in a freezing extender containing different concentrations of PQQ (0, 10, 100, 1000, 10,000 nM). After freezing–thawing, the sperm motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial activity, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, DNA integrity, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, mitochondrial transcription proteins levels, and fertilization capacity were assessed. The results show that 1000 nM PQQ supplementation to the freezing extender significantly enhanced post-thaw sperm motility, viability, and acrosome integrity compared to the control (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Additionally, 1000 nM PQQ increased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP levels, while decreasing MDA and mitochondrial ROS levels, and reducing DNA damage (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, the levels of mitochondrial-encoded proteins were significantly elevated in the 1000 nM PQQ group compared to the control (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Interestingly, sperm in the 1000 nM PQQ group showed a higher binding rate to oviductal epithelial cells and the zona pellucida (ZP), indicating higher fertilization potential. These findings suggest that the use of mitochondria-target antioxidant, PQQ, can improve post-thaw boar sperm quality and fertilization via its capacity to reduce oxidative stress and protect mitochondrial function.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/102boar semencryopreservationpyrroloquinoline quinonesperm quality |
| spellingShingle | Shanpeng Wang Qi Wang Lingjiang Min Hailiang Cao Adedeji O. Adetunji Kaifeng Zhou Zhendong Zhu Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation Antioxidants boar semen cryopreservation pyrroloquinoline quinone sperm quality |
| title | Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation |
| title_full | Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation |
| title_fullStr | Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation |
| title_short | Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improved Boar Sperm Quality via Maintaining Mitochondrial Function During Cryopreservation |
| title_sort | pyrroloquinoline quinone improved boar sperm quality via maintaining mitochondrial function during cryopreservation |
| topic | boar semen cryopreservation pyrroloquinoline quinone sperm quality |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/14/1/102 |
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