Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study
Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the hamstring graft is commonly performed to restore knee stability; however, it induces significant neuromuscular and biomechanical changes, particularly in the hamstring. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in maximum effective a...
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2025-04-01
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| author | Ismail Bouzekraoui Alaoui Ayrton Moiroux-Sahraoui Jean Mazeas Georgios Kakavas Maciej Biały Maurice Douryang Florian Forelli |
| author_facet | Ismail Bouzekraoui Alaoui Ayrton Moiroux-Sahraoui Jean Mazeas Georgios Kakavas Maciej Biały Maurice Douryang Florian Forelli |
| author_sort | Ismail Bouzekraoui Alaoui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the hamstring graft is commonly performed to restore knee stability; however, it induces significant neuromuscular and biomechanical changes, particularly in the hamstring. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in maximum effective angle, hamstring strength, and hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio at 3 and 6 months post-ACLR and compare these outcomes to a control group. Methods: This prospective controlled study included 20 ACLR patients and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. Hamstring peak torque, maximum effective angle (MEA), and the H/Q ratio were assessed using isokinetic dynamometry at 60°/s. The ACLR group was evaluated postoperatively at 3 and 6 months, while the control group underwent a single evaluation. Results: At 3 and 6 months, the ACLR group exhibited significantly lower MEA (26.3° ± 8.2 and 28.2° ± 9.4) compared to the control group (36.4° ± 12.0; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Hamstring peak torque and H/Q ratios were also lower in the ACLR group but showed slight improvements over time. The H/Q ratio increased significantly between 3 and 6 months (51% to 56%; <i>p</i> = 0.041). Conclusion: The use of hamstring graft in ACLR leads to persistent MEA and strength deficits despite rehabilitation. Advanced, targeted rehabilitation protocols are essential to address these deficits, optimize recovery, and reduce the risk of reinjury. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8f9075a4d84d4f95ac04c20dd989708a |
| institution | DOAJ |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-8f9075a4d84d4f95ac04c20dd989708a2025-08-20T03:14:42ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542025-04-0112546510.3390/bioengineering12050465Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary StudyIsmail Bouzekraoui Alaoui0Ayrton Moiroux-Sahraoui1Jean Mazeas2Georgios Kakavas3Maciej Biały4Maurice Douryang5Florian Forelli6Mohammed VI University of Sciences and Health—UM6SS, Casablanca 20270, MoroccoOrthosport Rehab Center, 95330 Domont, FranceOrthosport Rehab Center, 95330 Domont, FranceFysiotek Spine and Sports Lab, 11635 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Physiotherapy and Health Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, PolandDepartment of Physiotherapy and Physical Medicine, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 96, CameroonOrthopaedic Surgery Department, Clinic of Domont, Ramsay Healthcare, @OrthoLab, 95330 Domont, FrancePurpose: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using the hamstring graft is commonly performed to restore knee stability; however, it induces significant neuromuscular and biomechanical changes, particularly in the hamstring. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in maximum effective angle, hamstring strength, and hamstring-to-quadriceps (H/Q) strength ratio at 3 and 6 months post-ACLR and compare these outcomes to a control group. Methods: This prospective controlled study included 20 ACLR patients and 20 age- and gender-matched controls. Hamstring peak torque, maximum effective angle (MEA), and the H/Q ratio were assessed using isokinetic dynamometry at 60°/s. The ACLR group was evaluated postoperatively at 3 and 6 months, while the control group underwent a single evaluation. Results: At 3 and 6 months, the ACLR group exhibited significantly lower MEA (26.3° ± 8.2 and 28.2° ± 9.4) compared to the control group (36.4° ± 12.0; <i>p</i> < 0.01). Hamstring peak torque and H/Q ratios were also lower in the ACLR group but showed slight improvements over time. The H/Q ratio increased significantly between 3 and 6 months (51% to 56%; <i>p</i> = 0.041). Conclusion: The use of hamstring graft in ACLR leads to persistent MEA and strength deficits despite rehabilitation. Advanced, targeted rehabilitation protocols are essential to address these deficits, optimize recovery, and reduce the risk of reinjury.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/5/465anterior cruciate ligament reconstructionmaximum effective anglehamstring-to-quadriceps strength ratiohamstring strength |
| spellingShingle | Ismail Bouzekraoui Alaoui Ayrton Moiroux-Sahraoui Jean Mazeas Georgios Kakavas Maciej Biały Maurice Douryang Florian Forelli Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study Bioengineering anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction maximum effective angle hamstring-to-quadriceps strength ratio hamstring strength |
| title | Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study |
| title_full | Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study |
| title_short | Impact of Hamstring Graft on Hamstring Peak Torque and Maximum Effective Angle After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: An Exploratory and Preliminary Study |
| title_sort | impact of hamstring graft on hamstring peak torque and maximum effective angle after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction an exploratory and preliminary study |
| topic | anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction maximum effective angle hamstring-to-quadriceps strength ratio hamstring strength |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/5/465 |
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