Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions
A hadron–quark phase transition (PT) may trigger supernova explosions during stellar core collapse. However, both success and failure have occurred in previous attempts to explode dying stars via this mechanism. We systematically explore the outcomes of the PT-induced collapse of mock proto-compact...
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2025-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada146 |
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| author | Xu-Run Huang Shuai Zha Ming-chung Chu Evan P. O’Connor Lie-Wen Chen |
| author_facet | Xu-Run Huang Shuai Zha Ming-chung Chu Evan P. O’Connor Lie-Wen Chen |
| author_sort | Xu-Run Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A hadron–quark phase transition (PT) may trigger supernova explosions during stellar core collapse. However, both success and failure have occurred in previous attempts to explode dying stars via this mechanism. We systematically explore the outcomes of the PT-induced collapse of mock proto-compact stars (PCSs) with a constant entropy and lepton fraction, with spherically symmetric general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and a controlled series of hybrid equations of state. Our results reveal the qualitative dependence of successful and failed explosions on the PT and quark matter characteristics. A small portion (∼0.04%−1%) of the released binding energy Δ E _B transforms into the diagnostic explosion energy E _exp,diag , which saturates at ∼6 × 10 ^51 erg near the black hole formation. Note that our E _exp,diag represents an upper limit of the final explosion energies in realistic supernova simulations. We draw the phase diagrams indicative of the possible fates of supernova explosions driven by hadron−quark PTs, where the control parameters are the onset density, the energy gap of the PT, and the quark matter speed of sound. Our findings can guide further self-consistent investigations on PT-driven core-collapse supernovae and help identify hadron−quark PT-induced PCS collapse from future observations. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-8efbea7023d1458ea8ef759d84337b872025-01-23T08:13:38ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01979215110.3847/1538-4357/ada146Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova ExplosionsXu-Run Huang0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1842-8657Shuai Zha1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6773-7830Ming-chung Chu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1971-0403Evan P. O’Connor3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8228-796XLie-Wen Chen4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-0629Department of Physics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong S. A. R., People’s Republic of ChinaYunnan Observatories , Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650216, People’s Republic of China ; zhashuai@ynao.ac.cn; International Centre of Supernovae , Yunnan Key Laboratory, Kunming 650216, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Physics, the Chinese University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong S. A. R., People’s Republic of ChinaThe Oskar Klein Centre, Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , AlbaNova, SE-106 91 Stockholm, SwedenSchool of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, and Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (MOE), Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of ChinaA hadron–quark phase transition (PT) may trigger supernova explosions during stellar core collapse. However, both success and failure have occurred in previous attempts to explode dying stars via this mechanism. We systematically explore the outcomes of the PT-induced collapse of mock proto-compact stars (PCSs) with a constant entropy and lepton fraction, with spherically symmetric general relativistic hydrodynamic simulations and a controlled series of hybrid equations of state. Our results reveal the qualitative dependence of successful and failed explosions on the PT and quark matter characteristics. A small portion (∼0.04%−1%) of the released binding energy Δ E _B transforms into the diagnostic explosion energy E _exp,diag , which saturates at ∼6 × 10 ^51 erg near the black hole formation. Note that our E _exp,diag represents an upper limit of the final explosion energies in realistic supernova simulations. We draw the phase diagrams indicative of the possible fates of supernova explosions driven by hadron−quark PTs, where the control parameters are the onset density, the energy gap of the PT, and the quark matter speed of sound. Our findings can guide further self-consistent investigations on PT-driven core-collapse supernovae and help identify hadron−quark PT-induced PCS collapse from future observations.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada146Core-collapse supernovaeSupernova dynamicsNuclear astrophysicsCompact objects |
| spellingShingle | Xu-Run Huang Shuai Zha Ming-chung Chu Evan P. O’Connor Lie-Wen Chen Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions The Astrophysical Journal Core-collapse supernovae Supernova dynamics Nuclear astrophysics Compact objects |
| title | Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions |
| title_full | Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions |
| title_fullStr | Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions |
| title_short | Phase-transition-induced Collapse of Proto-compact Stars and Its Implication for Supernova Explosions |
| title_sort | phase transition induced collapse of proto compact stars and its implication for supernova explosions |
| topic | Core-collapse supernovae Supernova dynamics Nuclear astrophysics Compact objects |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada146 |
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