Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham
Management of stored-product pests has historically relied on fumigation when pest populations become large. However, the ban of the fumigant methyl bromide and the ineffectiveness of other pesticides stress the need for alternative fumigants. Therefore, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate...
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2024-12-01
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| author | Jacqueline M. Maille Wes Schilling Thomas W. Phillips |
| author_facet | Jacqueline M. Maille Wes Schilling Thomas W. Phillips |
| author_sort | Jacqueline M. Maille |
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| description | Management of stored-product pests has historically relied on fumigation when pest populations become large. However, the ban of the fumigant methyl bromide and the ineffectiveness of other pesticides stress the need for alternative fumigants. Therefore, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ethanedinitrile (EDN) against different life stages of the mite <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> and to determine the sorption and desorption of EDN by dry-cured ham meat. The results showed that eggs were the most tolerant life stage to EDN fumigation, with an estimated LC<sub>50</sub> of 0.6 mg/L. <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> mixed life-stage colonies were controlled at 1.3 mg/L, and less than 0.05% of the population survived following treatment with 0.6 mg/L within 24 h at 25 °C. The free-headspace concentrations of EDN in fumigation chambers containing ham decreased by 97% of the initial concentrations applied (2.6 and 4.8 mg/L) after the 24 h fumigation period. The EDN sorption in ham followed the first-order kinetics, with half-life values of 5.0 and 4.9 h for 2.6 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively. The percentage losses of EDN per hour were calculated to be 12.8 and 13.2% at 2.6 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively. Our study indicates that EDN controls <i>T. putrescentiae</i> in the laboratory. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
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| spelling | doaj-art-8e9737b8615f4bda8e5ec52676136f452025-01-24T13:35:33ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502024-12-01161710.3390/insects16010007Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured HamJacqueline M. Maille0Wes Schilling1Thomas W. Phillips2Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 W. Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USADepartment of Food Science, Nutrition and Health Promotion, Box 9800 Room 203 Bost Extension Center, Starkville, MS 39762, USADepartment of Entomology, Kansas State University, 123 W. Waters Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USAManagement of stored-product pests has historically relied on fumigation when pest populations become large. However, the ban of the fumigant methyl bromide and the ineffectiveness of other pesticides stress the need for alternative fumigants. Therefore, laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of ethanedinitrile (EDN) against different life stages of the mite <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> and to determine the sorption and desorption of EDN by dry-cured ham meat. The results showed that eggs were the most tolerant life stage to EDN fumigation, with an estimated LC<sub>50</sub> of 0.6 mg/L. <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> mixed life-stage colonies were controlled at 1.3 mg/L, and less than 0.05% of the population survived following treatment with 0.6 mg/L within 24 h at 25 °C. The free-headspace concentrations of EDN in fumigation chambers containing ham decreased by 97% of the initial concentrations applied (2.6 and 4.8 mg/L) after the 24 h fumigation period. The EDN sorption in ham followed the first-order kinetics, with half-life values of 5.0 and 4.9 h for 2.6 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively. The percentage losses of EDN per hour were calculated to be 12.8 and 13.2% at 2.6 and 4.8 mg/L, respectively. Our study indicates that EDN controls <i>T. putrescentiae</i> in the laboratory.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/7mold miteham mitecheese mitecountry hammethyl bromide alternative |
| spellingShingle | Jacqueline M. Maille Wes Schilling Thomas W. Phillips Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham Insects mold mite ham mite cheese mite country ham methyl bromide alternative |
| title | Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham |
| title_full | Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham |
| title_fullStr | Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham |
| title_short | Efficacy of the Fumigant Ethanedinitrile to Control the Ham Mite, <i>Tyrophagus putrescentiae</i> (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae), and Its Sorption on Dry-Cured Ham |
| title_sort | efficacy of the fumigant ethanedinitrile to control the ham mite i tyrophagus putrescentiae i schrank sarcoptiformes acaridae and its sorption on dry cured ham |
| topic | mold mite ham mite cheese mite country ham methyl bromide alternative |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/16/1/7 |
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