Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths
Purpose: To elucidate the connection between MRI relaxation properties of articular cartilage and tissue composition, in terms of collagen and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Additional aims were to determine the effect of different magnetic field strengths, as well as the effect of concentrations of the...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| author | Olli-Pekka Aro Victor Casula Nina E. Hänninen Jouni Karjalainen Mikko J. Nissi Miika T. Nieminen Henning Henschel |
| author_facet | Olli-Pekka Aro Victor Casula Nina E. Hänninen Jouni Karjalainen Mikko J. Nissi Miika T. Nieminen Henning Henschel |
| author_sort | Olli-Pekka Aro |
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| description | Purpose: To elucidate the connection between MRI relaxation properties of articular cartilage and tissue composition, in terms of collagen and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Additional aims were to determine the effect of different magnetic field strengths, as well as the effect of concentrations of the components on relaxation properties. Methods: A series of MRI phantoms consisting of gels containing collagen and chondroitin sulfate were prepared with final concentrations of collagen in the range 20-60 mg/g and the CS concentration in the range 0-40 mg/g. R1 (= 1/T1) and R2 (= 1/T2) values of the phantoms were measured at three different MRI field strengths (1.5, 3.0 and 9.4 T), R1ρ (= 1/T1ρ) values were measured at 9.4 T. Results: Relaxation rates generally increased with increasing concentration of either of the compounds. R1 values generally increased with CS, and at clinically used magnetic fields, namely 1.5 T and 3.0 T, with collagen concentration. At 9.4 T, R2 values also showed an increase with collagen concentration that could not be clearly identified at lower field strengths. R1ρ values increased with both collagen and CS concentration but the amplitude of the spin-lock pulse only had a limited effect on relaxation rates above 100 Hz. Conclusions: Our results suggest that R1, R2, and R1ρ are modulated by collagen and CS concentrations, with collagen likely dominating at physiological concentrations. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e8c64dcd3254de4a9f4723b56e45808 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e8c64dcd3254de4a9f4723b56e458082025-02-02T05:28:23ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-01-01112e41854Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengthsOlli-Pekka Aro0Victor Casula1Nina E. Hänninen2Jouni Karjalainen3Mikko J. Nissi4Miika T. Nieminen5Henning Henschel6Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, FinlandResearch Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 574, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden; Corresponding author at: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 574, 75123, Uppsala, Sweden.Purpose: To elucidate the connection between MRI relaxation properties of articular cartilage and tissue composition, in terms of collagen and chondroitin sulfate (CS). Additional aims were to determine the effect of different magnetic field strengths, as well as the effect of concentrations of the components on relaxation properties. Methods: A series of MRI phantoms consisting of gels containing collagen and chondroitin sulfate were prepared with final concentrations of collagen in the range 20-60 mg/g and the CS concentration in the range 0-40 mg/g. R1 (= 1/T1) and R2 (= 1/T2) values of the phantoms were measured at three different MRI field strengths (1.5, 3.0 and 9.4 T), R1ρ (= 1/T1ρ) values were measured at 9.4 T. Results: Relaxation rates generally increased with increasing concentration of either of the compounds. R1 values generally increased with CS, and at clinically used magnetic fields, namely 1.5 T and 3.0 T, with collagen concentration. At 9.4 T, R2 values also showed an increase with collagen concentration that could not be clearly identified at lower field strengths. R1ρ values increased with both collagen and CS concentration but the amplitude of the spin-lock pulse only had a limited effect on relaxation rates above 100 Hz. Conclusions: Our results suggest that R1, R2, and R1ρ are modulated by collagen and CS concentrations, with collagen likely dominating at physiological concentrations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025002348Chondroitin sulfateCollagenCartilageGel phantomRelaxivity |
| spellingShingle | Olli-Pekka Aro Victor Casula Nina E. Hänninen Jouni Karjalainen Mikko J. Nissi Miika T. Nieminen Henning Henschel Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths Heliyon Chondroitin sulfate Collagen Cartilage Gel phantom Relaxivity |
| title | Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| title_full | Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| title_fullStr | Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| title_short | Effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| title_sort | effects of collagen and chondroitin sulfate on relaxation at multiple magnetic field strengths |
| topic | Chondroitin sulfate Collagen Cartilage Gel phantom Relaxivity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025002348 |
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