Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds
The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant activity of soursop ( Annona muricata L.) leaf, fruit pulp, seed, and peel extracts obtained using successive extraction with hexane (Hxn), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) were det...
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Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences
2019-11-01
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| Series: | Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences |
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| Online Access: | http://www.journalssystem.com/pjfns/Antioxidant-Activity-of-Extracts-of-Soursop-Annona-muricata-L-Leaves-and-Fruit-Pulps,112654,0,2.html |
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| author | Hakime Hülya Orak Ilayda Sevik Bahrisefit Temine Sabudak |
| author_facet | Hakime Hülya Orak Ilayda Sevik Bahrisefit Temine Sabudak |
| author_sort | Hakime Hülya Orak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant activity of soursop ( Annona muricata L.) leaf, fruit pulp, seed, and peel extracts obtained using successive extraction with hexane (Hxn), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) were determined. The Hxn soursop seed extract was analysed by GC-MS. The highest TPC was determined in MeOH extracts. MeOH and EtOAc extracts were rich sources of flavonoids. Generally, soursop leaf and fruit pulp extracts had the highest and the lowest both TPC and TFC, respectively. Fatty acids were dominant in the Hxn seed extract. Among antioxidants, terpenoids ((E)-nerolidolas as dominant) and phytosterols ((3-β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol with high content) were identified. The soursop seed, followed by leaf and peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) had the highest DPPH• scavenging activity, TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC. Antioxidant activity of peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) was particularly high in β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system. Strong correlations were found between TPC, TFC, TEAC, FRAP, and results of DPPH assay. In conclusion, soursop leaves and fruit seeds and peels, which are cheap, waste plant material, could be considered as a source of phenolic antioxidants with a high antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity of peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) was particularly high in β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system. The strong correlations between TPC, TFC, TEAC, FRAP and results of DPPH assay were found. In conclusion, soursop leaves and fruit seeds and peels, which are cheap, waste plant material, could be considered as a source of phenolic antioxidants with high antioxidant activity. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8e78bf58f1f94e6db459f1c6b05d9d04 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2083-6007 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2019-11-01 |
| publisher | Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of Sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences |
| spelling | doaj-art-8e78bf58f1f94e6db459f1c6b05d9d042025-02-02T09:59:15ZengInstitute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of the Polish Academy of SciencesPolish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences2083-60072019-11-0169435936610.31883/pjfns/112654112654Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and SeedsHakime Hülya Orak0Ilayda Sevik Bahrisefit1Temine Sabudak2Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Tekirdağ Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, TurkeyDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Namik Kemal University, 59030 Tekirdağ, TurkeyThe total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and the antioxidant activity of soursop ( Annona muricata L.) leaf, fruit pulp, seed, and peel extracts obtained using successive extraction with hexane (Hxn), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and methanol (MeOH) were determined. The Hxn soursop seed extract was analysed by GC-MS. The highest TPC was determined in MeOH extracts. MeOH and EtOAc extracts were rich sources of flavonoids. Generally, soursop leaf and fruit pulp extracts had the highest and the lowest both TPC and TFC, respectively. Fatty acids were dominant in the Hxn seed extract. Among antioxidants, terpenoids ((E)-nerolidolas as dominant) and phytosterols ((3-β)-stigmast-5-en-3-ol with high content) were identified. The soursop seed, followed by leaf and peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) had the highest DPPH• scavenging activity, TEAC, FRAP, and CUPRAC. Antioxidant activity of peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) was particularly high in β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system. Strong correlations were found between TPC, TFC, TEAC, FRAP, and results of DPPH assay. In conclusion, soursop leaves and fruit seeds and peels, which are cheap, waste plant material, could be considered as a source of phenolic antioxidants with a high antioxidant activity. Antioxidant activity of peel extracts (MeOH and EtOAc) was particularly high in β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion system. The strong correlations between TPC, TFC, TEAC, FRAP and results of DPPH assay were found. In conclusion, soursop leaves and fruit seeds and peels, which are cheap, waste plant material, could be considered as a source of phenolic antioxidants with high antioxidant activity.http://www.journalssystem.com/pjfns/Antioxidant-Activity-of-Extracts-of-Soursop-Annona-muricata-L-Leaves-and-Fruit-Pulps,112654,0,2.htmlby-productsflavonoidsphenolicsgc-ms analysisantiradical activityreducing power |
| spellingShingle | Hakime Hülya Orak Ilayda Sevik Bahrisefit Temine Sabudak Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences by-products flavonoids phenolics gc-ms analysis antiradical activity reducing power |
| title | Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds |
| title_full | Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds |
| title_short | Antioxidant Activity of Extracts of Soursop (Annona muricata L.) Leaves, Fruit Pulps, Peels, and Seeds |
| title_sort | antioxidant activity of extracts of soursop annona muricata l leaves fruit pulps peels and seeds |
| topic | by-products flavonoids phenolics gc-ms analysis antiradical activity reducing power |
| url | http://www.journalssystem.com/pjfns/Antioxidant-Activity-of-Extracts-of-Soursop-Annona-muricata-L-Leaves-and-Fruit-Pulps,112654,0,2.html |
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