Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization
Dendritic spines are mushroom-shaped protrusions of the postsynaptic membrane. Spines receive the majority of glutamatergic synaptic inputs. Their morphology, dynamics, and density have been related to synaptic plasticity and learning. The main determinant of spine shape is filamentous actin. Using...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2016-01-01
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| Series: | Neural Plasticity |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2819107 |
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| author | Nuria Domínguez-Iturza María Calvo Marion Benoist José Antonio Esteban Miguel Morales |
| author_facet | Nuria Domínguez-Iturza María Calvo Marion Benoist José Antonio Esteban Miguel Morales |
| author_sort | Nuria Domínguez-Iturza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dendritic spines are mushroom-shaped protrusions of the postsynaptic membrane. Spines receive the majority of glutamatergic synaptic inputs. Their morphology, dynamics, and density have been related to synaptic plasticity and learning. The main determinant of spine shape is filamentous actin. Using FRAP, we have reexamined the actin dynamics of individual spines from pyramidal hippocampal neurons, both in cultures and in hippocampal organotypic slices. Our results indicate that, in cultures, the actin mobile fraction is independently regulated at the individual spine level, and mobile fraction values do not correlate with either age or distance from the soma. The most significant factor regulating actin mobile fraction was the presence of astrocytes in the culture substrate. Spines from neurons growing in the virtual absence of astrocytes have a more stable actin cytoskeleton, while spines from neurons growing in close contact with astrocytes show a more dynamic cytoskeleton. According to their recovery time, spines were distributed into two populations with slower and faster recovery times, while spines from slice cultures were grouped into one population. Finally, employing fast lineal acquisition protocols, we confirmed the existence of loci with high polymerization rates within the spine. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8ba41aff6d774f9d9a4184c351ed62c2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2090-5904 1687-5443 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2016-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neural Plasticity |
| spelling | doaj-art-8ba41aff6d774f9d9a4184c351ed62c22025-02-03T01:28:38ZengWileyNeural Plasticity2090-59041687-54432016-01-01201610.1155/2016/28191072819107Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin PolymerizationNuria Domínguez-Iturza0María Calvo1Marion Benoist2José Antonio Esteban3Miguel Morales4Institut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainAdvanced Optical Microscopy Unit, Scientific and Technological Centers, Medical School, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, SpainINMED, Unite Mixte de Recherche 901, INSERM, Aix-Marseille Université, 13009 Marseille, FranceMolecular Neurobiology Department, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC/UAM), 28049 Madrid, SpainInstitut de Neurociències, Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, SpainDendritic spines are mushroom-shaped protrusions of the postsynaptic membrane. Spines receive the majority of glutamatergic synaptic inputs. Their morphology, dynamics, and density have been related to synaptic plasticity and learning. The main determinant of spine shape is filamentous actin. Using FRAP, we have reexamined the actin dynamics of individual spines from pyramidal hippocampal neurons, both in cultures and in hippocampal organotypic slices. Our results indicate that, in cultures, the actin mobile fraction is independently regulated at the individual spine level, and mobile fraction values do not correlate with either age or distance from the soma. The most significant factor regulating actin mobile fraction was the presence of astrocytes in the culture substrate. Spines from neurons growing in the virtual absence of astrocytes have a more stable actin cytoskeleton, while spines from neurons growing in close contact with astrocytes show a more dynamic cytoskeleton. According to their recovery time, spines were distributed into two populations with slower and faster recovery times, while spines from slice cultures were grouped into one population. Finally, employing fast lineal acquisition protocols, we confirmed the existence of loci with high polymerization rates within the spine.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2819107 |
| spellingShingle | Nuria Domínguez-Iturza María Calvo Marion Benoist José Antonio Esteban Miguel Morales Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization Neural Plasticity |
| title | Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization |
| title_full | Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization |
| title_fullStr | Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization |
| title_short | Hippocampal Dendritic Spines Are Segregated Depending on Their Actin Polymerization |
| title_sort | hippocampal dendritic spines are segregated depending on their actin polymerization |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2819107 |
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