Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy
Abstract Background In dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti‐seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune‐mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM‐resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐sp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17265 |
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| author | Junwei Föhr Julia K. Prümmer Arianna Maiolini Eliane Marti Ilijas Jelcic Beatriz Vidondo Mario Ziegler Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen Andrea Tipold Holger A. Volk Veronika M. Stein |
| author_facet | Junwei Föhr Julia K. Prümmer Arianna Maiolini Eliane Marti Ilijas Jelcic Beatriz Vidondo Mario Ziegler Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen Andrea Tipold Holger A. Volk Veronika M. Stein |
| author_sort | Junwei Föhr |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background In dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti‐seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune‐mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM‐resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐type oligoclonal bands (OCBs) have been detected. In dogs, cases of autoimmune encephalitis recently were reported. Neuroinflammation may provide an additional explanation for the lack of response of certain dogs with IE to ASM. Hypothesis Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs are found in a subgroup of dogs with ASM‐resistant IE. Animals Eighty‐four dogs with IE were recruited from 3 referral centers and classified based on their response to ASM treatment (responsive, n = 56; resistant, n = 28). Methods Detection of OCBs was performed using isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by immunoblotting. Associations of CSF‐specific OCBs with seizure type, severity, and response to ASM were calculated using logistic regression models. Results The overall frequency of CSF‐specific OCBs in dogs with IE was 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5%‐25%). In dogs with ASM‐resistant IE, 21.4% (6/28) had CSF‐specific OCBs compared with only 12.5% (7/56) in those responsive to ASM, but no evidence of an association was detected (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.57‐6.35; P = .29). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs were detected in a subgroup of dogs with IE. This finding could indicate that intrathecal IgG synthesis as a sign of neuroinflammation may play a role in disease pathogenesis. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b61eff2ae324d48bbf150fcaffff24c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0891-6640 1939-1676 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b61eff2ae324d48bbf150fcaffff24c2025-01-27T15:22:41ZengWileyJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine0891-66401939-16762025-01-01391n/an/a10.1111/jvim.17265Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsyJunwei Föhr0Julia K. Prümmer1Arianna Maiolini2Eliane Marti3Ilijas Jelcic4Beatriz Vidondo5Mario Ziegler6Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen7Andrea Tipold8Holger A. Volk9Veronika M. Stein10Division of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandDivision of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandDivision of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandDivision of Neurological Sciences, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandDepartment of Neurology University of Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandDepartment of Clinical Research and Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandDepartment of Neurology University of Zurich Zurich SwitzerlandVeterinary Practice Dr. A. Bathen‐Nöthen Cologne GermanyDepartment of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Hannover GermanyDepartment of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover Hannover GermanyDivision of Clinical Neurology, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Bern Bern SwitzerlandAbstract Background In dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE), 33% develop resistance to conventional anti‐seizure medication (ASM) despite adequate treatment. In human medicine, an immune‐mediated etiology is suspected in a subset of ASM‐resistant patients with epilepsy and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐specific immunoglobulin G (IgG)‐type oligoclonal bands (OCBs) have been detected. In dogs, cases of autoimmune encephalitis recently were reported. Neuroinflammation may provide an additional explanation for the lack of response of certain dogs with IE to ASM. Hypothesis Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs are found in a subgroup of dogs with ASM‐resistant IE. Animals Eighty‐four dogs with IE were recruited from 3 referral centers and classified based on their response to ASM treatment (responsive, n = 56; resistant, n = 28). Methods Detection of OCBs was performed using isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by immunoblotting. Associations of CSF‐specific OCBs with seizure type, severity, and response to ASM were calculated using logistic regression models. Results The overall frequency of CSF‐specific OCBs in dogs with IE was 15.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.5%‐25%). In dogs with ASM‐resistant IE, 21.4% (6/28) had CSF‐specific OCBs compared with only 12.5% (7/56) in those responsive to ASM, but no evidence of an association was detected (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% CI, 0.57‐6.35; P = .29). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific OCBs were detected in a subgroup of dogs with IE. This finding could indicate that intrathecal IgG synthesis as a sign of neuroinflammation may play a role in disease pathogenesis.https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17265ASM resistanceautoimmune encephalitiscanine idiopathic epilepsyneuroinflammationoligoclonal bands |
| spellingShingle | Junwei Föhr Julia K. Prümmer Arianna Maiolini Eliane Marti Ilijas Jelcic Beatriz Vidondo Mario Ziegler Andrea Bathen‐Nöthen Andrea Tipold Holger A. Volk Veronika M. Stein Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine ASM resistance autoimmune encephalitis canine idiopathic epilepsy neuroinflammation oligoclonal bands |
| title | Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| title_full | Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| title_fullStr | Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| title_short | Cerebrospinal fluid‐specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| title_sort | cerebrospinal fluid specific oligoclonal bands in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy |
| topic | ASM resistance autoimmune encephalitis canine idiopathic epilepsy neuroinflammation oligoclonal bands |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.17265 |
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