Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea
Abstract The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provides original observations to different institutions for the production of various monthly time-variable gravity field models (TVGFMs). Aiming to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of TVGFMs, we determine to combine them in the...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87922-8 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832571802694451200 |
|---|---|
| author | Wei You Ke Qian Xiangyu Wan Biao Yu Jiahui Zhang Lun Pu Jianwei Shu Chong Liu |
| author_facet | Wei You Ke Qian Xiangyu Wan Biao Yu Jiahui Zhang Lun Pu Jianwei Shu Chong Liu |
| author_sort | Wei You |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provides original observations to different institutions for the production of various monthly time-variable gravity field models (TVGFMs). Aiming to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of TVGFMs, we determine to combine them in the spatial domain. This combination comprises two approaches: one combines spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) solutions, and the other combines SHC and mascon (mass concentration) solutions together. For each approach, we employ four old weighting schemes and one new scheme named oceanic accuracy weighting. We then assessed the combined models through both internal and external validations. In external validation, we compare the Caspian Sea level changes derived from the combined models with those obtained from satellite altimeter. Our results reveal an improvement of the SHC combination using variance component estimation (VCE) weighting compared to any single SHC solution. Moreover, we found enhanced performance in the combined models with the incorporation of mascon solutions, particularly employing the oceanic accuracy weighting. These findings underscore the efficacy of model combination in improving performance, and emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate weighting strategies for integrating GRACE solutions. Specifically, we recommend VCE weighting scheme for combining SHC solutions only and oceanic accuracy weighting scheme for integrating mascon and SHC solutions. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8b2805ca4ead426bb0f23b86448f5a5f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-8b2805ca4ead426bb0f23b86448f5a5f2025-02-02T12:16:55ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115112510.1038/s41598-025-87922-8Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian SeaWei You0Ke Qian1Xiangyu Wan2Biao Yu3Jiahui Zhang4Lun Pu5Jianwei Shu6Chong Liu7Faculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityFaculty of Geosciences and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong UniversityAbstract The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission provides original observations to different institutions for the production of various monthly time-variable gravity field models (TVGFMs). Aiming to optimize the signal-to-noise ratio of TVGFMs, we determine to combine them in the spatial domain. This combination comprises two approaches: one combines spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) solutions, and the other combines SHC and mascon (mass concentration) solutions together. For each approach, we employ four old weighting schemes and one new scheme named oceanic accuracy weighting. We then assessed the combined models through both internal and external validations. In external validation, we compare the Caspian Sea level changes derived from the combined models with those obtained from satellite altimeter. Our results reveal an improvement of the SHC combination using variance component estimation (VCE) weighting compared to any single SHC solution. Moreover, we found enhanced performance in the combined models with the incorporation of mascon solutions, particularly employing the oceanic accuracy weighting. These findings underscore the efficacy of model combination in improving performance, and emphasize the importance of selecting appropriate weighting strategies for integrating GRACE solutions. Specifically, we recommend VCE weighting scheme for combining SHC solutions only and oceanic accuracy weighting scheme for integrating mascon and SHC solutions.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87922-8GRACEOceanic accuracy weightingMasconCaspian Sea |
| spellingShingle | Wei You Ke Qian Xiangyu Wan Biao Yu Jiahui Zhang Lun Pu Jianwei Shu Chong Liu Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea Scientific Reports GRACE Oceanic accuracy weighting Mascon Caspian Sea |
| title | Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea |
| title_full | Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea |
| title_fullStr | Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea |
| title_short | Spatial-domain combination of GRACE monthly time-variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models’ performance in the Caspian Sea |
| title_sort | spatial domain combination of grace monthly time variable gravity models based on multiple weighting strategies and comparison of models performance in the caspian sea |
| topic | GRACE Oceanic accuracy weighting Mascon Caspian Sea |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87922-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weiyou spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT keqian spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT xiangyuwan spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT biaoyu spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT jiahuizhang spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT lunpu spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT jianweishu spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea AT chongliu spatialdomaincombinationofgracemonthlytimevariablegravitymodelsbasedonmultipleweightingstrategiesandcomparisonofmodelsperformanceinthecaspiansea |