Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant
BackgroundNirmatrelvir-ritonavir is an oral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients who are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease. This antiviral has proven to significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment in this target popul...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1432821/full |
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| author | Sophie Marbaix Sophie Marbaix Steven Simoens Philippe Clevenbergh Pascal Van Bleyenbergh Keliane Liberman Dimitri Dehenau |
| author_facet | Sophie Marbaix Sophie Marbaix Steven Simoens Philippe Clevenbergh Pascal Van Bleyenbergh Keliane Liberman Dimitri Dehenau |
| author_sort | Sophie Marbaix |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundNirmatrelvir-ritonavir is an oral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients who are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease. This antiviral has proven to significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment in this target population. This paper aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in Belgium using real-world evidence.MethodsA static decision tree model was developed to capture the health progression of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Outcomes were expressed in Quality Adjusted-Life Years (QALYs), hospitalizations, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions, deaths and Long Covid cases, derived from epidemiological data over the first full year of the Omicron variant’s circulation (2022). Costs were calculated for the year 2023 from the healthcare payer’s perspective. Extensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the cost-effectiveness results.ResultsIn a cohort of 1,000 patients, treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is projected to save 95 QALYs and €82,658 compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment over a lifetime horizon. These savings primarily stem from the reduction in hospitalizations among vulnerable patients who typically require a longer recovery time. The analysis also indicates 5 fewer ICU admissions and 8 fewer premature deaths per 1,000 infected patients.ConclusionIn the context of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection, administering nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to patients at high risk of severe disease improves health outcomes and reduces costs. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is 100% likely to be cost-effective at a willingness to pay of €2,000 per QALY. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8ac5cd90ea21415082e0cacd20ef685d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-2565 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-8ac5cd90ea21415082e0cacd20ef685d2025-02-03T06:33:33ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Public Health2296-25652025-02-011210.3389/fpubh.2024.14328211432821Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variantSophie Marbaix0Sophie Marbaix1Steven Simoens2Philippe Clevenbergh3Pascal Van Bleyenbergh4Keliane Liberman5Dimitri Dehenau6Health Economics, SNB Management, Soignies, BelgiumFaculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons–UMONS, Mons, BelgiumDepartment of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumHead of Infectious Diseases Department, CHU Brugmann, Brussels, BelgiumHead of Pneumology Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, BelgiumMedical Department, Pfizer, Brussels, BelgiumAccess and Value Department, Pfizer, Brussels, BelgiumBackgroundNirmatrelvir-ritonavir is an oral treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients who are at high risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease. This antiviral has proven to significantly reduce the risk of hospitalization and death compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment in this target population. This paper aims to assess the cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in Belgium using real-world evidence.MethodsA static decision tree model was developed to capture the health progression of patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Outcomes were expressed in Quality Adjusted-Life Years (QALYs), hospitalizations, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions, deaths and Long Covid cases, derived from epidemiological data over the first full year of the Omicron variant’s circulation (2022). Costs were calculated for the year 2023 from the healthcare payer’s perspective. Extensive sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the cost-effectiveness results.ResultsIn a cohort of 1,000 patients, treatment with nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is projected to save 95 QALYs and €82,658 compared to no anti-SARS-CoV-2 treatment over a lifetime horizon. These savings primarily stem from the reduction in hospitalizations among vulnerable patients who typically require a longer recovery time. The analysis also indicates 5 fewer ICU admissions and 8 fewer premature deaths per 1,000 infected patients.ConclusionIn the context of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection, administering nirmatrelvir-ritonavir to patients at high risk of severe disease improves health outcomes and reduces costs. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is 100% likely to be cost-effective at a willingness to pay of €2,000 per QALY.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1432821/fullcost-utilitySARS-CoV-2antiviral treatmentBelgiumhigh-risk persons |
| spellingShingle | Sophie Marbaix Sophie Marbaix Steven Simoens Philippe Clevenbergh Pascal Van Bleyenbergh Keliane Liberman Dimitri Dehenau Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant Frontiers in Public Health cost-utility SARS-CoV-2 antiviral treatment Belgium high-risk persons |
| title | Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant |
| title_full | Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant |
| title_fullStr | Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant |
| title_full_unstemmed | Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant |
| title_short | Real-world cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir as treatment for SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Belgian setting with omicron variant |
| title_sort | real world cost effectiveness of nirmatrelvir ritonavir as treatment for sars cov 2 infection in the belgian setting with omicron variant |
| topic | cost-utility SARS-CoV-2 antiviral treatment Belgium high-risk persons |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1432821/full |
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