Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco
<b>Background:</b> Many factors contribute to the development and the progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), including Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules. Some of them are considered as predisposing, like DRB1*15, DRB1*13, DRB1*03, DRB1*04, DQB1*06, DQB1*02, while HLA A2, HLA B44,...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Abir Fguirouche Fatimazahra Ouahmani Ikram Brahim Raja Hazime Nissrine Louhab Najib Kissani Mohamed Chraa Brahim Admou |
| author_facet | Abir Fguirouche Fatimazahra Ouahmani Ikram Brahim Raja Hazime Nissrine Louhab Najib Kissani Mohamed Chraa Brahim Admou |
| author_sort | Abir Fguirouche |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <b>Background:</b> Many factors contribute to the development and the progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), including Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules. Some of them are considered as predisposing, like DRB1*15, DRB1*13, DRB1*03, DRB1*04, DQB1*06, DQB1*02, while HLA A2, HLA B44, DRB1*11, and DRB1*12 are rather considered as protective. Data about such associations in the Moroccan population remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HLA class I (A and B) and II (DR and DQ) linked to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in a healthy population from the South of Morocco. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was carried out over the 2016–2023 period on 685 Moroccan healthy individuals, including 355 males and 330 females. Of the total sample tested, 685 underwent HLA class I typing, of which 305 also benefited from HLA class II typing. HLA class I typing was executed using the CDC (complement dependent cytotoxicity) technique (OneLambda™, Los Angeles CA, USA), and HLA class II typing was performed by either PCR-SSP (sequence-specific primer, OneLambda) or PCR-SSO (sequence-specific oligonucleotides) using the Luminex Xmap (Lifecodes, Immucor, Peachtree, Corners, GA, USA) system. <b>Results:</b> From different HLA molecules potentially predisposing to MS, our investigations showed that DRB1*03, DRB1*13, DRB1*15, DRB1*04, and DQB1*02 were observed in 19.2%, 15.8%, 13.31%, 12.7% and 31% respectively, while the frequency of those considered as protective, namely HLA-A2, HLA-B44, and HLA-DRB1*11 was 23.31%, 9.21% and 10.1% respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings of our study give evidence that among predisposing HLA class II molecules, DR allele groups were more prevalent, mostly DRB1*03, with also a high frequency of DQB1*06, while HLA-A2 marked the supposed protective specificities. These results need to be supported by complementary studies particularly in MS patients. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-887260cf03b1415eb9ad3121c4ae4271 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | Clinics and Practice |
| spelling | doaj-art-887260cf03b1415eb9ad3121c4ae42712025-01-24T13:27:41ZengMDPI AGClinics and Practice2039-72832025-01-011511010.3390/clinpract15010010Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern MoroccoAbir Fguirouche0Fatimazahra Ouahmani1Ikram Brahim2Raja Hazime3Nissrine Louhab4Najib Kissani5Mohamed Chraa6Brahim Admou7Laboratory of immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 43150, MoroccoLaboratory of immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 43150, MoroccoLaboratory of immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 43150, MoroccoLaboratory of immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 43150, MoroccoDepartment of Neurology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoDepartment of Neurology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoDepartment of Neurology, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40000, MoroccoLaboratory of immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 43150, Morocco<b>Background:</b> Many factors contribute to the development and the progression of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), including Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules. Some of them are considered as predisposing, like DRB1*15, DRB1*13, DRB1*03, DRB1*04, DQB1*06, DQB1*02, while HLA A2, HLA B44, DRB1*11, and DRB1*12 are rather considered as protective. Data about such associations in the Moroccan population remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of HLA class I (A and B) and II (DR and DQ) linked to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in a healthy population from the South of Morocco. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A cross-sectional study was carried out over the 2016–2023 period on 685 Moroccan healthy individuals, including 355 males and 330 females. Of the total sample tested, 685 underwent HLA class I typing, of which 305 also benefited from HLA class II typing. HLA class I typing was executed using the CDC (complement dependent cytotoxicity) technique (OneLambda™, Los Angeles CA, USA), and HLA class II typing was performed by either PCR-SSP (sequence-specific primer, OneLambda) or PCR-SSO (sequence-specific oligonucleotides) using the Luminex Xmap (Lifecodes, Immucor, Peachtree, Corners, GA, USA) system. <b>Results:</b> From different HLA molecules potentially predisposing to MS, our investigations showed that DRB1*03, DRB1*13, DRB1*15, DRB1*04, and DQB1*02 were observed in 19.2%, 15.8%, 13.31%, 12.7% and 31% respectively, while the frequency of those considered as protective, namely HLA-A2, HLA-B44, and HLA-DRB1*11 was 23.31%, 9.21% and 10.1% respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> The findings of our study give evidence that among predisposing HLA class II molecules, DR allele groups were more prevalent, mostly DRB1*03, with also a high frequency of DQB1*06, while HLA-A2 marked the supposed protective specificities. These results need to be supported by complementary studies particularly in MS patients.https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/15/1/10multiple sclerosisHLA locipredisposingprotectivefrequencyMorocco |
| spellingShingle | Abir Fguirouche Fatimazahra Ouahmani Ikram Brahim Raja Hazime Nissrine Louhab Najib Kissani Mohamed Chraa Brahim Admou Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco Clinics and Practice multiple sclerosis HLA loci predisposing protective frequency Morocco |
| title | Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco |
| title_full | Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco |
| title_fullStr | Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco |
| title_short | Distribution of Major HLA-A, -B, -DR, and -DQ Loci Potentially Associated with Multiple Sclerosis in a Healthy Population from Southern Morocco |
| title_sort | distribution of major hla a b dr and dq loci potentially associated with multiple sclerosis in a healthy population from southern morocco |
| topic | multiple sclerosis HLA loci predisposing protective frequency Morocco |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2039-7283/15/1/10 |
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