Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers

Liquefaction is a frequently occurring problem taking place when transporting wet granular solid bulk cargoes on board bulk carriers. Liquefaction of a solid bulk cargo can occur when excessive dynamic loading, induced by rough seas and vessel vibrations, is transmitted to the cargo. From 1988 to 20...

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Main Authors: Michael C. Munro, Abbas Mohajerani
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2016-01-01
Series:Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5219474
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author Michael C. Munro
Abbas Mohajerani
author_facet Michael C. Munro
Abbas Mohajerani
author_sort Michael C. Munro
collection DOAJ
description Liquefaction is a frequently occurring problem taking place when transporting wet granular solid bulk cargoes on board bulk carriers. Liquefaction of a solid bulk cargo can occur when excessive dynamic loading, induced by rough seas and vessel vibrations, is transmitted to the cargo. From 1988 to 2015, there have been 24 suspected liquefaction incidents reported, which resulted in 164 casualties and the loss of 18 vessels. The objective of this study is to investigate the collective causes of liquefaction of solid bulk cargoes on board bulk carriers in order to make recommendations to prevent future incidents from occurring. This was achieved by analysing the seven available investigative reports relating to the incidents, focusing on the key findings and exploring the effect of excess moisture within the cargo. This study has placed significant emphasis on the importance of preventing ingress of water into the cargo during transportation, loading, and storage. Recommendations have been given, based on the key findings from the reports, to reduce the potential for liquefaction incidents to occur.
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spelling doaj-art-87818ef9307a4d02bd88538169662d532025-02-03T01:25:04ZengWileyAdvances in Materials Science and Engineering1687-84341687-84422016-01-01201610.1155/2016/52194745219474Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk CarriersMichael C. Munro0Abbas Mohajerani1School of Engineering, Civil Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaSchool of Engineering, Civil Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, AustraliaLiquefaction is a frequently occurring problem taking place when transporting wet granular solid bulk cargoes on board bulk carriers. Liquefaction of a solid bulk cargo can occur when excessive dynamic loading, induced by rough seas and vessel vibrations, is transmitted to the cargo. From 1988 to 2015, there have been 24 suspected liquefaction incidents reported, which resulted in 164 casualties and the loss of 18 vessels. The objective of this study is to investigate the collective causes of liquefaction of solid bulk cargoes on board bulk carriers in order to make recommendations to prevent future incidents from occurring. This was achieved by analysing the seven available investigative reports relating to the incidents, focusing on the key findings and exploring the effect of excess moisture within the cargo. This study has placed significant emphasis on the importance of preventing ingress of water into the cargo during transportation, loading, and storage. Recommendations have been given, based on the key findings from the reports, to reduce the potential for liquefaction incidents to occur.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5219474
spellingShingle Michael C. Munro
Abbas Mohajerani
Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
Advances in Materials Science and Engineering
title Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
title_full Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
title_fullStr Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
title_full_unstemmed Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
title_short Liquefaction Incidents of Mineral Cargoes on Board Bulk Carriers
title_sort liquefaction incidents of mineral cargoes on board bulk carriers
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5219474
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