Effects of proinflammatory cytokines and programmed cell death on cognitive domains in older age patients with bipolar disorder

Effects of proinflammatory cytokines and programmed cell death on cognitive domains in older age patients with bipolar disorder

Abstract Objectives Proinflammatory cytokines are linked to cognitive deficits in bipolar disorder (BD). The programmed cell death (PD) pathway, involved in immune regulation, may impact mood disorders and dementia. Older age BD (OABD) patients face a heightened risk of cognitive decline, yet studie...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Pei-Ying Lee, Chih Chiang Chiu, Po-Hsiu Kuo, Cho-Yin Huang, Shang-Ying Tsai, Chian-Jue Kuo, Wen-Yin Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-08-01
Series:Annals of General Psychiatry
Subjects:
Older age bipolar disorders (OABD)
Neuroaxonal integrity
Programmed cell death
Neuroinflammatory
Cytokines
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12991-025-00591-9
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