Smoking and secondhand smoke exposure and carotid intima-media thickness: Baseline data from the Aidai Cohort Study in Japan
Introduction Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) has been limited in Asian populations. Employing baseline data from the Aidai Cohort Study, Japan, we evaluated the evidence in this cross-se...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Tobacco Induced Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.tobaccoinduceddiseases.org/Smoking-and-secondhand-smoke-exposure-and-carotid-nintima-media-thickness-Baseline,175632,0,2.html |
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| Summary: | Introduction
Epidemiological evidence regarding the relationship between smoking
and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and carotid intima-media thickness
(CIMT) has been limited in Asian populations. Employing baseline data from the
Aidai Cohort Study, Japan, we evaluated the evidence in this cross-sectional study.
Methods
Study subjects were 727 men aged 35–88 years and 1297 women aged
34–85 years. Information on smoking, SHS exposure, and confounders was
obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. An automated carotid
ultrasonography device was used to measure the right and left CIMT. The
greatest CIMT measurement in the left or right common carotid artery was
considered the maximum CIMT, and a maximum CIMT >1.0 mm was indicative
of carotid wall thickening. Age, alcohol consumption, leisure time physical
activity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, body mass index, waist
circumference, employment, and education level were adjusted at one time.
Results
The prevalence of carotid wall thickening was 13.0%. The prevalence of
never smoking was 30.5% in men and 90.1% in women. Among those who had
never smoked, the prevalence of never SHS exposure at home and work was
74.3% and 48.2% in men and 38.3% and 56.3% in women, respectively. Active
smoking and pack-years of smoking were independently positively related to
carotid wall thickening regardless of sex, although the association with current
smoking in women was not significant. Independent positive relationships were
shown between former smoking and pack-years of smoking and maximum CIMT
in men but not in women. No significant relationships were found between SHS
exposure at home and work and carotid wall thickening or maximum CIMT in
either men or women.
Conclusions
Active smoking, especially pack-years of smoking, was positively
associated with carotid wall thickening in both sexes. Such positive associations
with maximum CIMT were found only in men; however, interactions between
smoking and sex were not significant. |
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| ISSN: | 1617-9625 |