ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis

Abstract Membrane contact sites are specialized regions where organelle membranes are in close proximity, enabling lipid transfer while preserving membrane identity. In plants, ER‒chloroplast contact sites are critical for maintaining glycerolipid homeostasis. This review examines the lipid-modifyin...

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Main Authors: Carolina Huercano, Miriam Moya-Barrientos, Oliver Cuevas, Victoria Sanchez-Vera, Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-05-01
Series:BMC Biology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02239-2
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author Carolina Huercano
Miriam Moya-Barrientos
Oliver Cuevas
Victoria Sanchez-Vera
Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
author_facet Carolina Huercano
Miriam Moya-Barrientos
Oliver Cuevas
Victoria Sanchez-Vera
Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
author_sort Carolina Huercano
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Membrane contact sites are specialized regions where organelle membranes are in close proximity, enabling lipid transfer while preserving membrane identity. In plants, ER‒chloroplast contact sites are critical for maintaining glycerolipid homeostasis. This review examines the lipid-modifying and lipid-transfer proteins/complexes involved in these processes. Key proteins at these sites, including components of the TGD and VAP27‒ORP2A complexes, as well as Sec14 proteins, facilitate lipid exchange. Additionally, the roles of lipid-modifying proteins at these contact sites are discussed. Despite significant progress, further research is needed to identify additional proteins, investigate ER‒chloroplast dynamics under stress and explore ER contact sites in non-chloroplast plastids.
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id doaj-art-85a2a36b6cb74b0cabb843d3d4fe8b91
institution OA Journals
issn 1741-7007
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publishDate 2025-05-01
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series BMC Biology
spelling doaj-art-85a2a36b6cb74b0cabb843d3d4fe8b912025-08-20T02:29:51ZengBMCBMC Biology1741-70072025-05-0123111910.1186/s12915-025-02239-2ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesisCarolina Huercano0Miriam Moya-Barrientos1Oliver Cuevas2Victoria Sanchez-Vera3Noemi Ruiz-Lopez4Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosInstituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Universidad de Málaga, Campus de TeatinosAbstract Membrane contact sites are specialized regions where organelle membranes are in close proximity, enabling lipid transfer while preserving membrane identity. In plants, ER‒chloroplast contact sites are critical for maintaining glycerolipid homeostasis. This review examines the lipid-modifying and lipid-transfer proteins/complexes involved in these processes. Key proteins at these sites, including components of the TGD and VAP27‒ORP2A complexes, as well as Sec14 proteins, facilitate lipid exchange. Additionally, the roles of lipid-modifying proteins at these contact sites are discussed. Despite significant progress, further research is needed to identify additional proteins, investigate ER‒chloroplast dynamics under stress and explore ER contact sites in non-chloroplast plastids.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02239-2Contact sitesPlastidChloroplastEndoplasmic reticulumGlycerolipidLipid transfer
spellingShingle Carolina Huercano
Miriam Moya-Barrientos
Oliver Cuevas
Victoria Sanchez-Vera
Noemi Ruiz-Lopez
ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
BMC Biology
Contact sites
Plastid
Chloroplast
Endoplasmic reticulum
Glycerolipid
Lipid transfer
title ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
title_full ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
title_fullStr ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
title_full_unstemmed ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
title_short ER–plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
title_sort er plastid contact sites as molecular crossroads for plastid lipid biosynthesis
topic Contact sites
Plastid
Chloroplast
Endoplasmic reticulum
Glycerolipid
Lipid transfer
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-025-02239-2
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AT miriammoyabarrientos erplastidcontactsitesasmolecularcrossroadsforplastidlipidbiosynthesis
AT olivercuevas erplastidcontactsitesasmolecularcrossroadsforplastidlipidbiosynthesis
AT victoriasanchezvera erplastidcontactsitesasmolecularcrossroadsforplastidlipidbiosynthesis
AT noemiruizlopez erplastidcontactsitesasmolecularcrossroadsforplastidlipidbiosynthesis