Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress
In this study, we identified and characterized 23 genes encoding serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum), named CaSR here. These CaSR proteins are grouped into seven subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between CaSRs and their homologous p...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1524163/full |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832591040750551040 |
|---|---|
| author | Lin Li Yueqin Zhang Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangtao Cen Yongxiang Huang Yongxiang Huang Hanqiao Hu Hanqiao Hu Xingyu Jiang Xingyu Jiang Yu Ling Yu Ling |
| author_facet | Lin Li Yueqin Zhang Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangtao Cen Yongxiang Huang Yongxiang Huang Hanqiao Hu Hanqiao Hu Xingyu Jiang Xingyu Jiang Yu Ling Yu Ling |
| author_sort | Lin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we identified and characterized 23 genes encoding serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum), named CaSR here. These CaSR proteins are grouped into seven subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between CaSRs and their homologous proteins in other plants. Promoter regions of SR proteins are enriched with elements relating to light response, stress, hormone signaling, and plant growth. Notably, transcription levels of several proteins, including CaSR33, CaSR34, and CaSR34a, were upregulated by salt, drought, and cold stresses, suggesting potential roles of these proteins in stress tolerance. We also observed an increase of CaSR transcript population resulting from alternative splicing (AS) regulation, mainly intron retention. AS patterns of CaSR genes varied among tissues. Higher AS intensity was found in the RS subfamily, while some genes in the RSZ subfamily showed no AS regulation under the conditions used here. Interestingly, a cross-species comparative study with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) showed that many AS events impact the region which codes the RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain of the protein, indicating a conserved regulatory mechanism of SR proteins in plants. Our findings reveal the functional diversity and evolutionary conservation of SR proteins in hot pepper and highlight AS as a mechanism enhancing plant adaptability, providing insights for future stress-resistant crop development. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8565cf115bbb4e7d8f9a08ee1199b9d1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-8565cf115bbb4e7d8f9a08ee1199b9d12025-01-23T05:10:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2025-01-011510.3389/fpls.2024.15241631524163Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stressLin Li0Yueqin Zhang1Rui Zhang2Rui Zhang3Xiangtao Cen4Yongxiang Huang5Yongxiang Huang6Hanqiao Hu7Hanqiao Hu8Xingyu Jiang9Xingyu Jiang10Yu Ling11Yu Ling12College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaSouth China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Agriculture and Food Engineering, Baise University, Baise, Guangxi, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaSouth China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaSouth China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaSouth China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, ChinaCollege of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, ChinaSouth China Branch of National Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang, ChinaIn this study, we identified and characterized 23 genes encoding serine/arginine-rich (SR) protein in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum), named CaSR here. These CaSR proteins are grouped into seven subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a high degree of similarity between CaSRs and their homologous proteins in other plants. Promoter regions of SR proteins are enriched with elements relating to light response, stress, hormone signaling, and plant growth. Notably, transcription levels of several proteins, including CaSR33, CaSR34, and CaSR34a, were upregulated by salt, drought, and cold stresses, suggesting potential roles of these proteins in stress tolerance. We also observed an increase of CaSR transcript population resulting from alternative splicing (AS) regulation, mainly intron retention. AS patterns of CaSR genes varied among tissues. Higher AS intensity was found in the RS subfamily, while some genes in the RSZ subfamily showed no AS regulation under the conditions used here. Interestingly, a cross-species comparative study with Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) showed that many AS events impact the region which codes the RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain of the protein, indicating a conserved regulatory mechanism of SR proteins in plants. Our findings reveal the functional diversity and evolutionary conservation of SR proteins in hot pepper and highlight AS as a mechanism enhancing plant adaptability, providing insights for future stress-resistant crop development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1524163/fullhot pepperalternative splicing (AS)serine/arginine-rich proteinabiotic stresscross-species comparison |
| spellingShingle | Lin Li Yueqin Zhang Rui Zhang Rui Zhang Xiangtao Cen Yongxiang Huang Yongxiang Huang Hanqiao Hu Hanqiao Hu Xingyu Jiang Xingyu Jiang Yu Ling Yu Ling Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress Frontiers in Plant Science hot pepper alternative splicing (AS) serine/arginine-rich protein abiotic stress cross-species comparison |
| title | Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| title_full | Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| title_fullStr | Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| title_short | Splicing and expression dynamics of SR genes in hot pepper (Capsicum annuum): regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| title_sort | splicing and expression dynamics of sr genes in hot pepper capsicum annuum regulatory diversity and conservation under stress |
| topic | hot pepper alternative splicing (AS) serine/arginine-rich protein abiotic stress cross-species comparison |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1524163/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT linli splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT yueqinzhang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT ruizhang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT ruizhang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT xiangtaocen splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT yongxianghuang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT yongxianghuang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT hanqiaohu splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT hanqiaohu splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT xingyujiang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT xingyujiang splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT yuling splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress AT yuling splicingandexpressiondynamicsofsrgenesinhotpeppercapsicumannuumregulatorydiversityandconservationunderstress |