The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape
BackgroundThree years into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the virus continues to mutate despite widespread vaccination, posing ongoing challenges for epidemic prevention and control. The relationship between viral shedding and immune escape remains under investigation. This study aims to examine the assoc...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1478466/full |
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| author | Weilong Zhang Xiaoyan Gai Zhonghui Duan Changjian Yan Chunyuan Huang Chaoling Wu Siping Zheng Zixiang Lin Qingtao Zhou Lili Dai Ping Yang Fang Bao Hongmei Jing Chao Cai Yingmin Ma Yongchang Sun |
| author_facet | Weilong Zhang Xiaoyan Gai Zhonghui Duan Changjian Yan Chunyuan Huang Chaoling Wu Siping Zheng Zixiang Lin Qingtao Zhou Lili Dai Ping Yang Fang Bao Hongmei Jing Chao Cai Yingmin Ma Yongchang Sun |
| author_sort | Weilong Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundThree years into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the virus continues to mutate despite widespread vaccination, posing ongoing challenges for epidemic prevention and control. The relationship between viral shedding and immune escape remains under investigation. This study aims to examine the association between viral shedding and immune escape in the BA.4/5 and BF.7 variants.MethodWe included 542 patients infected with the Omicron variant from Beijing Xiaotangshan shelter hospital. Based on the viral strain, patients were divided into BA.4/5 group and BF.7 group. Additionally, we categorized patients into rapid viral shedding and slow viral shedding groups according to their viral shedding rates. We explored the relationship between viral shedding and immune-related clinical indicators during this period.ResultOf the 542 patients, 118 were infected with BA.4/5 variant, and 424 were infected with BF.7 variant. The viral shedding duration differed significantly between BA.4/5 and BF.7 groups (p < 0.0001). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between viral shedding duration and immune-related indicators, such as WBC, Hb, PLT, Neu, Lym, CRP, allergy, fever, and vaccination status (p > 0.05). Furthermore, viral shedding duration was not associated with vaccination status, intervals between vaccinations, or vaccine types (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe duration of viral shedding in patients infected with Omicron variants BA.4/5 and BF.7 is not associated with WBC, Hb, Lym, CRP, fever, allergy, or vaccine-related indicators. This lack of association may be attributed to immune escape mechanisms. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-84d12aba44014e558721841d365e391c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2296-858X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Medicine |
| spelling | doaj-art-84d12aba44014e558721841d365e391c2025-01-27T11:27:31ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Medicine2296-858X2025-01-011110.3389/fmed.2024.14784661478466The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escapeWeilong Zhang0Xiaoyan Gai1Zhonghui Duan2Changjian Yan3Chunyuan Huang4Chaoling Wu5Siping Zheng6Zixiang Lin7Qingtao Zhou8Lili Dai9Ping Yang10Fang Bao11Hongmei Jing12Chao Cai13Yingmin Ma14Yongchang Sun15Department of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Hematology, Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, and Center for Chronic Airway Diseases, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, ChinaBackgroundThree years into the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the virus continues to mutate despite widespread vaccination, posing ongoing challenges for epidemic prevention and control. The relationship between viral shedding and immune escape remains under investigation. This study aims to examine the association between viral shedding and immune escape in the BA.4/5 and BF.7 variants.MethodWe included 542 patients infected with the Omicron variant from Beijing Xiaotangshan shelter hospital. Based on the viral strain, patients were divided into BA.4/5 group and BF.7 group. Additionally, we categorized patients into rapid viral shedding and slow viral shedding groups according to their viral shedding rates. We explored the relationship between viral shedding and immune-related clinical indicators during this period.ResultOf the 542 patients, 118 were infected with BA.4/5 variant, and 424 were infected with BF.7 variant. The viral shedding duration differed significantly between BA.4/5 and BF.7 groups (p < 0.0001). However, there was no statistically significant correlation between viral shedding duration and immune-related indicators, such as WBC, Hb, PLT, Neu, Lym, CRP, allergy, fever, and vaccination status (p > 0.05). Furthermore, viral shedding duration was not associated with vaccination status, intervals between vaccinations, or vaccine types (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe duration of viral shedding in patients infected with Omicron variants BA.4/5 and BF.7 is not associated with WBC, Hb, Lym, CRP, fever, allergy, or vaccine-related indicators. This lack of association may be attributed to immune escape mechanisms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1478466/fullCOVID-19Omicronviral sheddingimmune escapevaccination |
| spellingShingle | Weilong Zhang Xiaoyan Gai Zhonghui Duan Changjian Yan Chunyuan Huang Chaoling Wu Siping Zheng Zixiang Lin Qingtao Zhou Lili Dai Ping Yang Fang Bao Hongmei Jing Chao Cai Yingmin Ma Yongchang Sun The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape Frontiers in Medicine COVID-19 Omicron viral shedding immune escape vaccination |
| title | The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape |
| title_full | The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape |
| title_fullStr | The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape |
| title_full_unstemmed | The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape |
| title_short | The immune landscape and viral shedding of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants implicate immune escape |
| title_sort | immune landscape and viral shedding of omicron sars cov 2 variants implicate immune escape |
| topic | COVID-19 Omicron viral shedding immune escape vaccination |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmed.2024.1478466/full |
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