Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis

Abstract Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, remains controversial due to neurotoxic risks from its metabolites—phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and methanol. While epidemiological studies link artificial sweeteners to cerebrovascular disease, the molecular mechanisms connecting aspartame to...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Tianyu Zhang, Tao Wang, Kuangyang Yu, Changren huang, Kunyang Bao
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Nature Portfolio 2025-07-01
Series:Scientific Reports
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08898-z
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
_version_ 1849769524036894720
author Tianyu Zhang
Tao Wang
Kuangyang Yu
Changren huang
Kunyang Bao
author_facet Tianyu Zhang
Tao Wang
Kuangyang Yu
Changren huang
Kunyang Bao
author_sort Tianyu Zhang
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, remains controversial due to neurotoxic risks from its metabolites—phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and methanol. While epidemiological studies link artificial sweeteners to cerebrovascular disease, the molecular mechanisms connecting aspartame to ischemic stroke are unclear. This study integrates network toxicology and molecular docking to identify key targets and pathways. Potential aspartame targets were predicted using STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, and SEA databases, while ischemic stroke-related genes were retrieved from GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD. Venn analysis identified 201 overlapping genes, with IL1B, MMP9, SRC, AGT, and TNF as core targets. GO/KEGG enrichment revealed their roles in the renin-angiotensin system, complement/coagulation cascades, and inflammatory pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities between aspartame and these targets, suggesting direct modulation. Our integrated analysis suggests that aspartame may contribute to ischemic brain injury through multi-target interactions, potentially disrupting inflammatory responses and vascular homeostasis. This study provides preliminary systematic insights into the potential neurotoxicity mechanisms of aspartame, offering insights for food additive safety evaluation and stroke prevention. Further validation is required to clarify metabolite synergies and dose–response relationships.
format Article
id doaj-art-84a1f5f4105449d39864574e3df7946c
institution DOAJ
issn 2045-2322
language English
publishDate 2025-07-01
publisher Nature Portfolio
record_format Article
series Scientific Reports
spelling doaj-art-84a1f5f4105449d39864574e3df7946c2025-08-20T03:03:24ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-07-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-08898-zAspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysisTianyu Zhang0Tao Wang1Kuangyang Yu2Changren huang3Kunyang Bao4Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityDepartment of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityAbstract Aspartame, a widely used artificial sweetener, remains controversial due to neurotoxic risks from its metabolites—phenylalanine, aspartic acid, and methanol. While epidemiological studies link artificial sweeteners to cerebrovascular disease, the molecular mechanisms connecting aspartame to ischemic stroke are unclear. This study integrates network toxicology and molecular docking to identify key targets and pathways. Potential aspartame targets were predicted using STITCH, SwissTargetPrediction, and SEA databases, while ischemic stroke-related genes were retrieved from GeneCards, OMIM, and TTD. Venn analysis identified 201 overlapping genes, with IL1B, MMP9, SRC, AGT, and TNF as core targets. GO/KEGG enrichment revealed their roles in the renin-angiotensin system, complement/coagulation cascades, and inflammatory pathways. Molecular docking demonstrated strong binding affinities between aspartame and these targets, suggesting direct modulation. Our integrated analysis suggests that aspartame may contribute to ischemic brain injury through multi-target interactions, potentially disrupting inflammatory responses and vascular homeostasis. This study provides preliminary systematic insights into the potential neurotoxicity mechanisms of aspartame, offering insights for food additive safety evaluation and stroke prevention. Further validation is required to clarify metabolite synergies and dose–response relationships.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08898-zAspartameIschemic strokeNetwork toxicologyMolecular docking
spellingShingle Tianyu Zhang
Tao Wang
Kuangyang Yu
Changren huang
Kunyang Bao
Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
Scientific Reports
Aspartame
Ischemic stroke
Network toxicology
Molecular docking
title Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
title_full Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
title_fullStr Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
title_full_unstemmed Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
title_short Aspartame and ischemic stroke: unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
title_sort aspartame and ischemic stroke unraveling the molecular link through network toxicology and molecular docking analysis
topic Aspartame
Ischemic stroke
Network toxicology
Molecular docking
url https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08898-z
work_keys_str_mv AT tianyuzhang aspartameandischemicstrokeunravelingthemolecularlinkthroughnetworktoxicologyandmoleculardockinganalysis
AT taowang aspartameandischemicstrokeunravelingthemolecularlinkthroughnetworktoxicologyandmoleculardockinganalysis
AT kuangyangyu aspartameandischemicstrokeunravelingthemolecularlinkthroughnetworktoxicologyandmoleculardockinganalysis
AT changrenhuang aspartameandischemicstrokeunravelingthemolecularlinkthroughnetworktoxicologyandmoleculardockinganalysis
AT kunyangbao aspartameandischemicstrokeunravelingthemolecularlinkthroughnetworktoxicologyandmoleculardockinganalysis