Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder
A gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was developed to assess the infant exposure assessment from four important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) markers in infant formula powder: benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene (collectively referred to as...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Food Quality |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2959532 |
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| author | Chenggang Cai Pinggu Wu Pingping Zhou Dajin Yang Zhengyan Hu |
| author_facet | Chenggang Cai Pinggu Wu Pingping Zhou Dajin Yang Zhengyan Hu |
| author_sort | Chenggang Cai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was developed to assess the infant exposure assessment from four important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) markers in infant formula powder: benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene (collectively referred to as PAH4). The developed method required the addition of an isotopically labeled internal standard, sample extraction under alkali conditions, a saponification step, and a solid-phase extraction purification step. In a controlled spike test, the average recovery rates of PAH4 were 77.3% to 111.8% and the relative standard deviations were 4.8% to 14.2% (n = 6). The quantitative limit (LOQ) and detection limit (LOD) of the method were 0.5 and 0.1 μg·kg−1, respectively. The PAH4 content was analyzed in 30 commercially available infant formula powders. The PAH4 content was found to be in the range of 0.1 to 0.87 μg·kg−1. Combined with the daily intake of infant milk powder in China, the average and maximum daily exposure of BaP for stage-1 infants in China are 0.45 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and 1.9 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and the PAH4 values are 8.6 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and 18.6 ng/kg.bw.d−1, respectively. The PAH4 content in the tested infant formula powders sold in the China were sufficiently low, and all of the tested products were safe for consumption. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-846cfbe88414441e9bfce9a97534b0d3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0146-9428 1745-4557 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Food Quality |
| spelling | doaj-art-846cfbe88414441e9bfce9a97534b0d32025-02-03T01:32:23ZengWileyJournal of Food Quality0146-94281745-45572020-01-01202010.1155/2020/29595322959532Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula PowderChenggang Cai0Pinggu Wu1Pingping Zhou2Dajin Yang3Zhengyan Hu4School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, ChinaZhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, ChinaChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100051, ChinaChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing 100051, ChinaZhejiang Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou 310051, ChinaA gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) method was developed to assess the infant exposure assessment from four important polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) markers in infant formula powder: benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene (collectively referred to as PAH4). The developed method required the addition of an isotopically labeled internal standard, sample extraction under alkali conditions, a saponification step, and a solid-phase extraction purification step. In a controlled spike test, the average recovery rates of PAH4 were 77.3% to 111.8% and the relative standard deviations were 4.8% to 14.2% (n = 6). The quantitative limit (LOQ) and detection limit (LOD) of the method were 0.5 and 0.1 μg·kg−1, respectively. The PAH4 content was analyzed in 30 commercially available infant formula powders. The PAH4 content was found to be in the range of 0.1 to 0.87 μg·kg−1. Combined with the daily intake of infant milk powder in China, the average and maximum daily exposure of BaP for stage-1 infants in China are 0.45 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and 1.9 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and the PAH4 values are 8.6 ng/kg.bw.d−1 and 18.6 ng/kg.bw.d−1, respectively. The PAH4 content in the tested infant formula powders sold in the China were sufficiently low, and all of the tested products were safe for consumption.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2959532 |
| spellingShingle | Chenggang Cai Pinggu Wu Pingping Zhou Dajin Yang Zhengyan Hu Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder Journal of Food Quality |
| title | Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder |
| title_full | Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder |
| title_fullStr | Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder |
| title_short | Detection, Risk Assessment, and Survey of Four Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Markers in Infant Formula Powder |
| title_sort | detection risk assessment and survey of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon markers in infant formula powder |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2959532 |
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