Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor
Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) inscribed by UV light and different femtosecond laser techniques (phase mask, point-by-point, and plane-by-plane) were exposed—in several irradiation cycles—to accumulated high doses of gamma rays (up to 124 MGy) and neutron fluence (8.7 × 10<sup>18</sup>/cm&l...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/323 |
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| author | G. Berkovic S. Zilberman Y. London M. Rosenfeld E. Shafir O. Ozeri K. Ben-Meir A. Krakovich T. Makmal |
| author_facet | G. Berkovic S. Zilberman Y. London M. Rosenfeld E. Shafir O. Ozeri K. Ben-Meir A. Krakovich T. Makmal |
| author_sort | G. Berkovic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) inscribed by UV light and different femtosecond laser techniques (phase mask, point-by-point, and plane-by-plane) were exposed—in several irradiation cycles—to accumulated high doses of gamma rays (up to 124 MGy) and neutron fluence (8.7 × 10<sup>18</sup>/cm<sup>2</sup>) in a research-grade nuclear reactor. The FBG peak wavelengths were measured continuously in order to monitor radiation-induced shifts. Gratings inscribed on pure silica core fibers using near-IR femtosecond pulses through a phase mask showed the smallest shifts (<30 pm), indicating that these FBGs are suitable for temperature measurement even under extreme ionizing radiation. In contrast, the pointwise inscribed femtosecond gratings and a UV-inscribed grating showed maximal shifts of around 100 pm and 400 pm, respectively. Radiation-induced red shifts are believed to arise from gamma radiation damage, which may partially recover after irradiation is stopped. At the highest neutron exposures, grating peak blue shifts started to appear, apparently due to fiber compaction. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-843843d3f5b24684aea50bd997782399 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj-art-843843d3f5b24684aea50bd9977823992025-01-24T13:48:30ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202025-01-0125232310.3390/s25020323Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear ReactorG. Berkovic0S. Zilberman1Y. London2M. Rosenfeld3E. Shafir4O. Ozeri5K. Ben-Meir6A. Krakovich7T. Makmal8Soreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelSoreq NRC, Yavne 81800, IsraelFiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) inscribed by UV light and different femtosecond laser techniques (phase mask, point-by-point, and plane-by-plane) were exposed—in several irradiation cycles—to accumulated high doses of gamma rays (up to 124 MGy) and neutron fluence (8.7 × 10<sup>18</sup>/cm<sup>2</sup>) in a research-grade nuclear reactor. The FBG peak wavelengths were measured continuously in order to monitor radiation-induced shifts. Gratings inscribed on pure silica core fibers using near-IR femtosecond pulses through a phase mask showed the smallest shifts (<30 pm), indicating that these FBGs are suitable for temperature measurement even under extreme ionizing radiation. In contrast, the pointwise inscribed femtosecond gratings and a UV-inscribed grating showed maximal shifts of around 100 pm and 400 pm, respectively. Radiation-induced red shifts are believed to arise from gamma radiation damage, which may partially recover after irradiation is stopped. At the highest neutron exposures, grating peak blue shifts started to appear, apparently due to fiber compaction.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/323fiber Bragg gratingsionizing radiationgamma raysneutrons |
| spellingShingle | G. Berkovic S. Zilberman Y. London M. Rosenfeld E. Shafir O. Ozeri K. Ben-Meir A. Krakovich T. Makmal Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor Sensors fiber Bragg gratings ionizing radiation gamma rays neutrons |
| title | Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor |
| title_full | Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor |
| title_fullStr | Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor |
| title_full_unstemmed | Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor |
| title_short | Radiation-Induced Wavelength Shifts in Fiber Bragg Gratings Exposed to Gamma Rays and Neutrons in a Nuclear Reactor |
| title_sort | radiation induced wavelength shifts in fiber bragg gratings exposed to gamma rays and neutrons in a nuclear reactor |
| topic | fiber Bragg gratings ionizing radiation gamma rays neutrons |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/25/2/323 |
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