Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Purpose To elucidate the global epidemiology of Ophthalmia Neonatorum (ON), as well as its causative organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Methods A systematic review of studies reporting the epidemiology of ON was performed using four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus,...
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BMC
2025-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-05382-x |
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| author | Randy Asiamah Gideon Owusu Pious Tawiah Amoako Richmond Amponsah Emmanuel Adator Samuel Kyei |
| author_facet | Randy Asiamah Gideon Owusu Pious Tawiah Amoako Richmond Amponsah Emmanuel Adator Samuel Kyei |
| author_sort | Randy Asiamah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Purpose To elucidate the global epidemiology of Ophthalmia Neonatorum (ON), as well as its causative organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Methods A systematic review of studies reporting the epidemiology of ON was performed using four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline. Data were extracted and study-specific estimates were combined using meta-analysis to obtain pooled proportions. Results A total of 25 studies, which evaluated the epidemiology of ON in 1,117,966 live births, were included in this study. A total of 2,902 cases of ON were identified. The global incidence and prevalence of ON are 2.04% [(95% CI 0.70–5.79%), I 2 = 99.4%] and 7.79% [(95% CI 2.93–19.10%), I 2 = 99.1%], respectively. Staphylococcus spp. (gram-positive) and Serratia marcescens (gram-negative) were the most frequently isolated bacteria associated with the incidence of ON. The pooled resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are highest to Penicillin [91.67% (95% CI 87.96–94.31%) and 100.00% (95% CI 0.00–100.00%), respectively], and lowest to Gentamicin [20% (95% CI 15.85–24.91%) and 59.30% (95% CI 52.36–65.89%), respectively]. The pooled resistance of Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella spp. to Gentamicin are 50% [(95% CI 43.11 to 56.89%), I 2 = 0.00%] and 50.02% [(95% CI 27.50–72.53%), I 2 = 95.3%], respectively. Conclusion ON is a common ocular morbidity in neonates, especially in those from low-income settings. It is important that all newborns receive adequate preventive care, regardless of their socioeconomic status, in order to reduce the risk of visual impairment and blindness. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8368d44a863b41468a87bd6aa225620c |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj-art-8368d44a863b41468a87bd6aa225620c2025-01-19T12:38:56ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312025-01-0125111210.1186/s12887-024-05382-xEpidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysisRandy Asiamah0Gideon Owusu1Pious Tawiah Amoako2Richmond Amponsah3Emmanuel Adator4Samuel Kyei5Department of Clinical Optometry, School of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastBiomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastSchool of Optometry and Vision Science, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastBiomedical and Clinical Research Centre, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape CoastAbstract Purpose To elucidate the global epidemiology of Ophthalmia Neonatorum (ON), as well as its causative organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Methods A systematic review of studies reporting the epidemiology of ON was performed using four electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Medline. Data were extracted and study-specific estimates were combined using meta-analysis to obtain pooled proportions. Results A total of 25 studies, which evaluated the epidemiology of ON in 1,117,966 live births, were included in this study. A total of 2,902 cases of ON were identified. The global incidence and prevalence of ON are 2.04% [(95% CI 0.70–5.79%), I 2 = 99.4%] and 7.79% [(95% CI 2.93–19.10%), I 2 = 99.1%], respectively. Staphylococcus spp. (gram-positive) and Serratia marcescens (gram-negative) were the most frequently isolated bacteria associated with the incidence of ON. The pooled resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are highest to Penicillin [91.67% (95% CI 87.96–94.31%) and 100.00% (95% CI 0.00–100.00%), respectively], and lowest to Gentamicin [20% (95% CI 15.85–24.91%) and 59.30% (95% CI 52.36–65.89%), respectively]. The pooled resistance of Pseudomonas spp. and Klebsiella spp. to Gentamicin are 50% [(95% CI 43.11 to 56.89%), I 2 = 0.00%] and 50.02% [(95% CI 27.50–72.53%), I 2 = 95.3%], respectively. Conclusion ON is a common ocular morbidity in neonates, especially in those from low-income settings. It is important that all newborns receive adequate preventive care, regardless of their socioeconomic status, in order to reduce the risk of visual impairment and blindness.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-05382-xOphthalmia NeonatorumEpidemiologyAntibiotic resistancePrevalenceIncidence |
| spellingShingle | Randy Asiamah Gideon Owusu Pious Tawiah Amoako Richmond Amponsah Emmanuel Adator Samuel Kyei Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Pediatrics Ophthalmia Neonatorum Epidemiology Antibiotic resistance Prevalence Incidence |
| title | Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | epidemiology of ophthalmia neonatorum a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Ophthalmia Neonatorum Epidemiology Antibiotic resistance Prevalence Incidence |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-05382-x |
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