In vivo determination of protective antibody thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 variants using mouse models

In vivo determination of protective antibody thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 variants using mouse models

Neutralizing antibody titres have been shown to correlate with immune protection against COVID-19 and can be used to estimate vaccine effectiveness. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection. However, there remains a lack of quantitative data dire...

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Main Authors: Peilan Wei, Ruoxi Cai, Lu Zhang, Jingjun Zhang, Zhaoyong Zhang, Airu Zhu, Hai Li, Zhen Zhuang, Lan Chen, Jiantao Chen, Yuting Zhang, Xinyi Xiong, Bin Qu, Jianfen Zhuo, Tian Tang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Lei Chen, Qier Zhong, Zhiwei Lin, Xindan Xing, Fang Li, Qingtao Hu, Jun Dai, Yongxia Shi, Jingxian Zhao, Jincun Zhao, Yanqun Wang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Taylor & Francis Group 2025-12-01
Series:Emerging Microbes and Infections
Subjects:
SARS-CoV-2
protective antibody
threshold
neutralizing titre
mouse model
in vivo
Online Access:https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2025.2459140
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Summary:Neutralizing antibody titres have been shown to correlate with immune protection against COVID-19 and can be used to estimate vaccine effectiveness. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection. However, there remains a lack of quantitative data directly assessing the minimum effective protective neutralizing antibody titre in in vivo. In this study, we utilized eight cohorts of participants with diverse immune backgrounds for evaluation of protective antibody response. To precisely assess the lower threshold of neutralizing antibody titres required for effective protection against SARS-CoV-2 infections, we employed plasma adoptive transfer from different cohorts into mice. This study demonstrated that neutralizing titres in the plasma of recipient mice correlated well with those in human donors, and a positive linear correlation was observed between the human and mouse recipients of transferred plasma neutralizing titre. A pseudotyped virus neutralizing titres greater than 7 was identified as the minimum threshold necessary to reduce viral titres in infected mice, establishing a crucial baseline for effective protection. Furthermore, despite the variability in immune backgrounds, these diverse cohorts’ plasma exhibited a similar neutralizing antibody threshold necessary for protection. This finding has significant implications for vaccine design and the assessment of immune competence.
ISSN:2222-1751

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