The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones
Anemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2015-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574 |
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| author | Marcello Maggio Francesca De Vita Alberto Fisichella Fulvio Lauretani Andrea Ticinesi Graziano Ceresini Anne Cappola Luigi Ferrucci Gian Paolo Ceda |
| author_facet | Marcello Maggio Francesca De Vita Alberto Fisichella Fulvio Lauretani Andrea Ticinesi Graziano Ceresini Anne Cappola Luigi Ferrucci Gian Paolo Ceda |
| author_sort | Marcello Maggio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption in gonadal, adrenal, and somatotropic axes. Experimental studies suggest that anabolic hormones such as testosterone, IGF-1, and thyroid hormones are able to increase erythroid mass, erythropoietin synthesis, and iron bioavailability, underlining a potential role of multiple hormonal changes in the anemia of aging. Epidemiological data more consistently support an association between lower testosterone and anemia in adult-older individuals. Low IGF-1 has been especially associated with anemia in the pediatric population and in a wide range of disorders. There is also evidence of an association between thyroid hormones and abnormalities in hematological parameters under overt thyroid and euthyroid conditions, with limited data on subclinical statuses. Although RCTs have shown beneficial effects, stronger for testosterone and the GH-IGF-1 axis and less evident for thyroid hormones, in improving different hematological parameters, there is no clear evidence for the usefulness of hormonal treatment in improving anemia in older subjects. Thus, more clinical and research efforts are needed to investigate the hormonal contribution to anemia in the older individuals. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-82c69193d4f44654aff14e65055264b3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1687-8337 1687-8345 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj-art-82c69193d4f44654aff14e65055264b32025-02-03T06:13:15ZengWileyInternational Journal of Endocrinology1687-83371687-83452015-01-01201510.1155/2015/292574292574The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid HormonesMarcello Maggio0Francesca De Vita1Alberto Fisichella2Fulvio Lauretani3Andrea Ticinesi4Graziano Ceresini5Anne Cappola6Luigi Ferrucci7Gian Paolo Ceda8Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyGeriatric Rehabilitation Department, University Hospital of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyDivision of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USANational Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD 21201, USADepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Geriatrics, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, ItalyAnemia is a multifactorial condition whose prevalence increases in both sexes after the fifth decade of life. It is a highly represented phenomenon in older adults and in one-third of cases is “unexplained.” Ageing process is also characterized by a “multiple hormonal dysregulation” with disruption in gonadal, adrenal, and somatotropic axes. Experimental studies suggest that anabolic hormones such as testosterone, IGF-1, and thyroid hormones are able to increase erythroid mass, erythropoietin synthesis, and iron bioavailability, underlining a potential role of multiple hormonal changes in the anemia of aging. Epidemiological data more consistently support an association between lower testosterone and anemia in adult-older individuals. Low IGF-1 has been especially associated with anemia in the pediatric population and in a wide range of disorders. There is also evidence of an association between thyroid hormones and abnormalities in hematological parameters under overt thyroid and euthyroid conditions, with limited data on subclinical statuses. Although RCTs have shown beneficial effects, stronger for testosterone and the GH-IGF-1 axis and less evident for thyroid hormones, in improving different hematological parameters, there is no clear evidence for the usefulness of hormonal treatment in improving anemia in older subjects. Thus, more clinical and research efforts are needed to investigate the hormonal contribution to anemia in the older individuals.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574 |
| spellingShingle | Marcello Maggio Francesca De Vita Alberto Fisichella Fulvio Lauretani Andrea Ticinesi Graziano Ceresini Anne Cappola Luigi Ferrucci Gian Paolo Ceda The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones International Journal of Endocrinology |
| title | The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones |
| title_full | The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones |
| title_fullStr | The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones |
| title_short | The Role of the Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation in the Onset of “Anemia of Aging”: Focus on Testosterone, IGF-1, and Thyroid Hormones |
| title_sort | role of the multiple hormonal dysregulation in the onset of anemia of aging focus on testosterone igf 1 and thyroid hormones |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/292574 |
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