Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that poses a significant public health challenge. Effective management requires patients to engage in self-care behaviors, including medication adherence, a healthy diet, and regular blood glucose monitoring. Health literacy plays a c...

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Main Authors: Niwat Songsin, Krittika Kaiwong, Phurida Wangfang, Yossakorn Sojisirikul, Hafisa Mamayamu, Prisna Pianjing, Sarayut Chusuton, Waraporn Boonchieng
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Medsci Publications 2025-04-01
Series:National Journal of Community Medicine
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Online Access:http://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/5060
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author Niwat Songsin
Krittika Kaiwong
Phurida Wangfang
Yossakorn Sojisirikul
Hafisa Mamayamu
Prisna Pianjing
Sarayut Chusuton
Waraporn Boonchieng
author_facet Niwat Songsin
Krittika Kaiwong
Phurida Wangfang
Yossakorn Sojisirikul
Hafisa Mamayamu
Prisna Pianjing
Sarayut Chusuton
Waraporn Boonchieng
author_sort Niwat Songsin
collection DOAJ
description Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that poses a significant public health challenge. Effective management requires patients to engage in self-care behaviors, including medication adherence, a healthy diet, and regular blood glucose monitoring. Health literacy plays a crucial role in enabling patients to understand and apply health information, reducing complications, and improving outcomes. This study aims to assess the health literacy of T2DM patients in rural Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 403 T2DM patients from Samut Songkhram Province. Data were collected using a health literacy questionnaire assessing knowledge, information access, and decision-making abilities. Participants were selected through multi-stage random sampling, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including stepwise multiple linear regression. Results: The study revealed that the overall health literacy of patients was low (M = 34.72, SD = 6.28). Three factors significantly predicted health literacy: education level (Beta = 0.427), complications (Beta = 0.316), and occupation (Beta = 0.218). These factors accounted for 58.4% of the variance in health literacy, with statistical significance (R² = 0.584, p <0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights low health literacy among T2DM patients. To address this, public health agencies should implement community-based educational programs, and healthcare providers should offer personalized health education to improve diabetes management and self-care behaviors.
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spelling doaj-art-82ad1dfe9e40420f9ff6f103e203e6892025-08-20T02:16:56ZengMedsci PublicationsNational Journal of Community Medicine0976-33252229-68162025-04-01160410.55489/njcm.160420255060Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural ThailandNiwat Songsin0Krittika Kaiwong1Phurida Wangfang2Yossakorn Sojisirikul3Hafisa Mamayamu4Prisna Pianjing5Sarayut Chusuton6Waraporn Boonchieng7Department of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Community Public Health, College of Allied Health Sciences, Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok, ThailandFaculty of Public Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease that poses a significant public health challenge. Effective management requires patients to engage in self-care behaviors, including medication adherence, a healthy diet, and regular blood glucose monitoring. Health literacy plays a crucial role in enabling patients to understand and apply health information, reducing complications, and improving outcomes. This study aims to assess the health literacy of T2DM patients in rural Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study involved 403 T2DM patients from Samut Songkhram Province. Data were collected using a health literacy questionnaire assessing knowledge, information access, and decision-making abilities. Participants were selected through multi-stage random sampling, and data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including stepwise multiple linear regression. Results: The study revealed that the overall health literacy of patients was low (M = 34.72, SD = 6.28). Three factors significantly predicted health literacy: education level (Beta = 0.427), complications (Beta = 0.316), and occupation (Beta = 0.218). These factors accounted for 58.4% of the variance in health literacy, with statistical significance (R² = 0.584, p <0.05). Conclusion: The study highlights low health literacy among T2DM patients. To address this, public health agencies should implement community-based educational programs, and healthcare providers should offer personalized health education to improve diabetes management and self-care behaviors. http://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/5060Health LiteracyType 2 Diabetes MellitusPatients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
spellingShingle Niwat Songsin
Krittika Kaiwong
Phurida Wangfang
Yossakorn Sojisirikul
Hafisa Mamayamu
Prisna Pianjing
Sarayut Chusuton
Waraporn Boonchieng
Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
National Journal of Community Medicine
Health Literacy
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
title Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
title_full Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
title_fullStr Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
title_full_unstemmed Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
title_short Health Literacy and Associated Factors Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Thailand
title_sort health literacy and associated factors patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in rural thailand
topic Health Literacy
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
url http://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/5060
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