Sex-related association between smoke exposure and gallstones in a US population: a cross-sectional study

Sex-related association between smoke exposure and gallstones in a US population: a cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Cholelithiasis are a condition that creates an economic and medical burden on society, and women are more susceptible to gallbladder stones. However, the effect of smoking on the development of gallstones remains controversial. No studies, to our knowledge, have discussed the ass...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Xingyong Huang, Xuanyu Hao, Tingting Wang, Xiaoyue Zhang, Peng Wu, Lufan Shen, Yuanyuan Yang, Wanchuan Zhang, Kai Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: BMC 2025-01-01
Series:BMC Public Health
Subjects:
Smoke
Cotinine
Gallstones
Sex differences
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-21173-6
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