Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats
Background: Neuroinflammation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus is the key contributor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial endotoxin (E-coli phenol extract) used to induce the neuroinflammation in animal models. Our study is aimed to study t...
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Elsevier
2025-03-01
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| Series: | Translational Research in Anatomy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X2400089X |
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| author | Vandana Blossom Sheetal D. Ullal Rajalakshmi Rai Amit Massand Chettiar Ganesh Kumar Teresa Joy Melisha Michael D souza B.V. Murlimanju |
| author_facet | Vandana Blossom Sheetal D. Ullal Rajalakshmi Rai Amit Massand Chettiar Ganesh Kumar Teresa Joy Melisha Michael D souza B.V. Murlimanju |
| author_sort | Vandana Blossom |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Neuroinflammation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus is the key contributor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial endotoxin (E-coli phenol extract) used to induce the neuroinflammation in animal models. Our study is aimed to study the protective effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of the frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation. Methods: This is an animal model study, which utilized the twenty-four male Wistar rats of about 6 weeks old. The rats were divided into 4 groups, which included control, experimental and treatment groups. 170 μg/kg of LPS injection was administered intraperitoneally once a week for the first eight weeks and the treatment groups received metformin, which was administered orally (100 mg and 200 mg/kg body weight/day). Rotarod test was used to confirm the neuronal loss and clinical analysis among the groups. Results: Neuronal loss caused by the exposure to LPS in the dentate gyrus, CA4, CA3, CA2, CA1 (cornu ammonis regions) and frontal cortex, has been improved by the metformin treatment. Among the two doses of metformin, 200 mg/kg body weight exhibited better effect than the 100 mg/kg/body weight. The rotarod test findings suggested that, in the MF treated groups, the number of falls were reduced. Conclusion: The histological analysis and clinical observation by the rotarod test revealed that, metformin attenuated the neuroinflammatory damage, suggesting that it has a neuroprotective role. This study recommends repurposing the usage of metformin as a neuroprotective agent. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-8210dc786ace455ba06085adf81c2e09 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-854X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Translational Research in Anatomy |
| spelling | doaj-art-8210dc786ace455ba06085adf81c2e092025-01-24T04:45:12ZengElsevierTranslational Research in Anatomy2214-854X2025-03-0138100365Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar ratsVandana Blossom0Sheetal D. Ullal1Rajalakshmi Rai2Amit Massand3Chettiar Ganesh Kumar4Teresa Joy5Melisha Michael D souza6B.V. Murlimanju7Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Anatomy, Smt. B.K. Shah Medical Institute and Research Centre, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat, IndiaDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Anatomy, American University of Antigua College of Medicine, University Park, Jabberwock Beach Road, Coolidge, Antigua, Antigua and BarbudaDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, IndiaDepartment of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, Manipal, 576104, India; Corresponding author. Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, 575004, India.Background: Neuroinflammation in the frontal cortex and hippocampus is the key contributor in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a bacterial endotoxin (E-coli phenol extract) used to induce the neuroinflammation in animal models. Our study is aimed to study the protective effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of the frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation. Methods: This is an animal model study, which utilized the twenty-four male Wistar rats of about 6 weeks old. The rats were divided into 4 groups, which included control, experimental and treatment groups. 170 μg/kg of LPS injection was administered intraperitoneally once a week for the first eight weeks and the treatment groups received metformin, which was administered orally (100 mg and 200 mg/kg body weight/day). Rotarod test was used to confirm the neuronal loss and clinical analysis among the groups. Results: Neuronal loss caused by the exposure to LPS in the dentate gyrus, CA4, CA3, CA2, CA1 (cornu ammonis regions) and frontal cortex, has been improved by the metformin treatment. Among the two doses of metformin, 200 mg/kg body weight exhibited better effect than the 100 mg/kg/body weight. The rotarod test findings suggested that, in the MF treated groups, the number of falls were reduced. Conclusion: The histological analysis and clinical observation by the rotarod test revealed that, metformin attenuated the neuroinflammatory damage, suggesting that it has a neuroprotective role. This study recommends repurposing the usage of metformin as a neuroprotective agent.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X2400089XMetforminMorphological and microscopic findingsNeuroinflammatory diseasesNeuroprotective agent |
| spellingShingle | Vandana Blossom Sheetal D. Ullal Rajalakshmi Rai Amit Massand Chettiar Ganesh Kumar Teresa Joy Melisha Michael D souza B.V. Murlimanju Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats Translational Research in Anatomy Metformin Morphological and microscopic findings Neuroinflammatory diseases Neuroprotective agent |
| title | Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats |
| title_full | Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats |
| title_fullStr | Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats |
| title_short | Effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male Wistar rats |
| title_sort | effect of metformin on the neuronal morphology of frontal cortex and hippocampal regions in lipopolysaccharide induced neuroinflammation in male wistar rats |
| topic | Metformin Morphological and microscopic findings Neuroinflammatory diseases Neuroprotective agent |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214854X2400089X |
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