Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>
In Chile and worldwide, walnut (<i>Juglans regia L.</i>) production faces significant losses due to crown and root rot caused by the phytopathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. Currently, control methods have proven insufficient or unfavorable for the environment, increasing...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Aldo Salinas Iván Montenegro Yusser Olguín Natalia Riquelme Diyanira Castillo-Novales Alejandra Larach Laureano Alvarado Guillermo Bravo Alejandro Madrid Juan E. Álvaro Ximena Besoain |
| author_facet | Aldo Salinas Iván Montenegro Yusser Olguín Natalia Riquelme Diyanira Castillo-Novales Alejandra Larach Laureano Alvarado Guillermo Bravo Alejandro Madrid Juan E. Álvaro Ximena Besoain |
| author_sort | Aldo Salinas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In Chile and worldwide, walnut (<i>Juglans regia L.</i>) production faces significant losses due to crown and root rot caused by the phytopathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. Currently, control methods have proven insufficient or unfavorable for the environment, increasing the need for sustainable alternatives. This research evaluates nanoemulsions based on extracts of medicinal plants endemic to Chile to control <i>P. cinnamomi</i> in walnut crops. The methodology included an in vitro test to determine the effective inhibitory concentrations of three nanoemulsions (N80, N90, and N100) on the mycelial growth of the phytopathogen, a test on walnut plants under controlled conditions, and two field tests using concentrations between 300 and 500 ppm. The in vitro results showed that the nanoemulsions could inhibit 90% of mycelial growth at 80 to 100 ppm concentrations. In the field, the N90 nanoemulsion at 500 ppm significantly reduced disease symptoms preventively and post-inoculation, compared with the control. This research is the first to study the use of nanoemulsions from native Chilean plants to control <i>P. cinnamomi</i>, showing potential to reduce the use of synthetic fungicides, contributing to safer and more ecological phytosanitary management. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-81e21fee89914d1e94ba1c1751438177 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj-art-81e21fee89914d1e94ba1c17514381772025-01-24T13:46:58ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472025-01-0114225710.3390/plants14020257Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>Aldo Salinas0Iván Montenegro1Yusser Olguín2Natalia Riquelme3Diyanira Castillo-Novales4Alejandra Larach5Laureano Alvarado6Guillermo Bravo7Alejandro Madrid8Juan E. Álvaro9Ximena Besoain10Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileCenter of Interdisciplinary Biomedical and Engineering Research for Health (MEDING), Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, ChileDepartamento de Química y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileCenter of Interdisciplinary Biomedical and Engineering Research for Health (MEDING), Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, ChileMillennium Nucleus Bioproducts, Genomics and Environmental Microbiology (BioGEM), Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso 2390123, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileLaboratorio de Fitopatología, Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas y de los Alimentos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Casilla 4-D, Quillota 2260000, ChileIn Chile and worldwide, walnut (<i>Juglans regia L.</i>) production faces significant losses due to crown and root rot caused by the phytopathogen <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>. Currently, control methods have proven insufficient or unfavorable for the environment, increasing the need for sustainable alternatives. This research evaluates nanoemulsions based on extracts of medicinal plants endemic to Chile to control <i>P. cinnamomi</i> in walnut crops. The methodology included an in vitro test to determine the effective inhibitory concentrations of three nanoemulsions (N80, N90, and N100) on the mycelial growth of the phytopathogen, a test on walnut plants under controlled conditions, and two field tests using concentrations between 300 and 500 ppm. The in vitro results showed that the nanoemulsions could inhibit 90% of mycelial growth at 80 to 100 ppm concentrations. In the field, the N90 nanoemulsion at 500 ppm significantly reduced disease symptoms preventively and post-inoculation, compared with the control. This research is the first to study the use of nanoemulsions from native Chilean plants to control <i>P. cinnamomi</i>, showing potential to reduce the use of synthetic fungicides, contributing to safer and more ecological phytosanitary management.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/257<i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i>crown and root rotplant extractnanoemulsionsEnglish walnut |
| spellingShingle | Aldo Salinas Iván Montenegro Yusser Olguín Natalia Riquelme Diyanira Castillo-Novales Alejandra Larach Laureano Alvarado Guillermo Bravo Alejandro Madrid Juan E. Álvaro Ximena Besoain Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> Plants <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> crown and root rot plant extract nanoemulsions English walnut |
| title | Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> |
| title_full | Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> |
| title_fullStr | Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> |
| title_short | Antioomycete Nanoformulation for Biocontrol of English Walnut Crown and Root Rot Caused by <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> |
| title_sort | antioomycete nanoformulation for biocontrol of english walnut crown and root rot caused by i phytophthora cinnamomi i |
| topic | <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> crown and root rot plant extract nanoemulsions English walnut |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/14/2/257 |
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