The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health
Pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture to protect crops from pests. In addition to protection during cultivation, they are also used after harvesting to extend the shelf life of products. Postharvest control stands out, especially when it comes to products imported from distant countries, resu...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2021-01-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Food Science |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990219 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1832566079850807296 |
|---|---|
| author | Gordana Jurak Jasna Bošnir Domagoj Đikić Ana Mojsović Ćuić Iva Pavlinić Prokurica Aleksandar Racz Tomislav Jukić David Stubljar Andrej Starc |
| author_facet | Gordana Jurak Jasna Bošnir Domagoj Đikić Ana Mojsović Ćuić Iva Pavlinić Prokurica Aleksandar Racz Tomislav Jukić David Stubljar Andrej Starc |
| author_sort | Gordana Jurak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture to protect crops from pests. In addition to protection during cultivation, they are also used after harvesting to extend the shelf life of products. Postharvest control stands out, especially when it comes to products imported from distant countries, resulting in increased concentration of pesticides and risk to human health consuming such products. In this study, analyses of pesticide residues were performed on 200 samples of fruits and vegetables. Pesticide residues were identified and quantified in 30 out of 200 samples. Study results revealed imazalil to be the most frequently detected pesticide. Risk assessment was performed on the obtained results, and it was carried out separately for adults and for children under 6 years of age. Imazalil showed the highest ARfD percentage for adults (max% ARfD 251%), and these values were especially high on risk assessment for children, where they amounted up to max% ARfD 1087%. The study of imazalil impact was performed on 16 Swiss albino mice divided into two groups and 4 subgroups. Experimental group animals were treated with the corresponding NOAEL dose of imazalil (10 mg/kg) for 28 days. Body weight was measured before each pesticide application on a digital electronic Sartorius scale. Peripheral blood analysis was performed after 28-day animal exposure to pesticides. Animals were anesthetized, blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture, and red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and white blood cell (WBC) count were determined by standard hematological methods. The organs for determination of imazalil concentration were extracted immediately upon animal sacrifice and stored in a freezer at -80°C until analysis. Results show difference in gain weight, and an increase in WBC count was recorded in the experimental group as compared with a control group of animals. The highest imazalil levels were recorded in adipose tissue (45.2‰) which proves tendency to accumulate. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-81d6cc5c8ae74ab69020588f27c2df35 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2356-7015 2314-5765 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Food Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-81d6cc5c8ae74ab69020588f27c2df352025-02-03T01:05:12ZengWileyInternational Journal of Food Science2356-70152314-57652021-01-01202110.1155/2021/99902199990219The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s HealthGordana Jurak0Jasna Bošnir1Domagoj Đikić2Ana Mojsović Ćuić3Iva Pavlinić Prokurica4Aleksandar Racz5Tomislav Jukić6David Stubljar7Andrej Starc8Dr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, CroatiaDr. Andrija Štampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Agency for Agriculture and Food, Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of Applied Health Sciences, Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, History of Medicine and Medical Ethics, Faculty of Medicine Josip Juraj Strossmayer, Osijek, CroatiaDepartment of Research & Development, In-Medico, Metlika, SloveniaFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaPesticides are chemicals used in agriculture to protect crops from pests. In addition to protection during cultivation, they are also used after harvesting to extend the shelf life of products. Postharvest control stands out, especially when it comes to products imported from distant countries, resulting in increased concentration of pesticides and risk to human health consuming such products. In this study, analyses of pesticide residues were performed on 200 samples of fruits and vegetables. Pesticide residues were identified and quantified in 30 out of 200 samples. Study results revealed imazalil to be the most frequently detected pesticide. Risk assessment was performed on the obtained results, and it was carried out separately for adults and for children under 6 years of age. Imazalil showed the highest ARfD percentage for adults (max% ARfD 251%), and these values were especially high on risk assessment for children, where they amounted up to max% ARfD 1087%. The study of imazalil impact was performed on 16 Swiss albino mice divided into two groups and 4 subgroups. Experimental group animals were treated with the corresponding NOAEL dose of imazalil (10 mg/kg) for 28 days. Body weight was measured before each pesticide application on a digital electronic Sartorius scale. Peripheral blood analysis was performed after 28-day animal exposure to pesticides. Animals were anesthetized, blood samples were obtained by cardiac puncture, and red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and white blood cell (WBC) count were determined by standard hematological methods. The organs for determination of imazalil concentration were extracted immediately upon animal sacrifice and stored in a freezer at -80°C until analysis. Results show difference in gain weight, and an increase in WBC count was recorded in the experimental group as compared with a control group of animals. The highest imazalil levels were recorded in adipose tissue (45.2‰) which proves tendency to accumulate.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990219 |
| spellingShingle | Gordana Jurak Jasna Bošnir Domagoj Đikić Ana Mojsović Ćuić Iva Pavlinić Prokurica Aleksandar Racz Tomislav Jukić David Stubljar Andrej Starc The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health International Journal of Food Science |
| title | The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health |
| title_full | The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health |
| title_fullStr | The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health |
| title_short | The Risk Assessment of Pesticide Ingestion with Fruit and Vegetables for Consumer’s Health |
| title_sort | risk assessment of pesticide ingestion with fruit and vegetables for consumer s health |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9990219 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT gordanajurak theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT jasnabosnir theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT domagojđikic theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT anamojsoviccuic theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT ivapavlinicprokurica theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT aleksandarracz theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT tomislavjukic theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT davidstubljar theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT andrejstarc theriskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT gordanajurak riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT jasnabosnir riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT domagojđikic riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT anamojsoviccuic riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT ivapavlinicprokurica riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT aleksandarracz riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT tomislavjukic riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT davidstubljar riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth AT andrejstarc riskassessmentofpesticideingestionwithfruitandvegetablesforconsumershealth |