Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study

Abstract Background In recent years, there has been growing awareness of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) linked to hypothyroidism. However, insufficient data exists on how levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy impacts MASLD. We aimed to assess the effects of LT4 tr...

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Main Authors: Zainab Gaber Mahran, Salma Mokhtar Osman, Amira Abdelmawgod, Nahed A. Makhlouf, Elham Ahmed Hassan, Ehab F. Moustafa
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2025-02-01
Series:The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
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Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-025-00415-y
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author Zainab Gaber Mahran
Salma Mokhtar Osman
Amira Abdelmawgod
Nahed A. Makhlouf
Elham Ahmed Hassan
Ehab F. Moustafa
author_facet Zainab Gaber Mahran
Salma Mokhtar Osman
Amira Abdelmawgod
Nahed A. Makhlouf
Elham Ahmed Hassan
Ehab F. Moustafa
author_sort Zainab Gaber Mahran
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background In recent years, there has been growing awareness of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) linked to hypothyroidism. However, insufficient data exists on how levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy impacts MASLD. We aimed to assess the effects of LT4 treatment on dyslipidemia and MASLD in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Methods In a randomized, controlled study, 230 patients with MASLD were screened for SCH, and 182 were diagnosed with SCH. Of these, 30 had significant SCH and 152 had mild SCH. All patients with significant SCH received LT4 therapy (significant SCH-LT4), while those with mild SCH were divided into two groups: 50 received LT4 treatment (mild SCH-LT4) and 102 did not (mild SCH-control). Results Significant improvements in hepatic steatosis severity were observed in the treated groups compared with the control. After LT4 treatment, MASLD prevalence decreased to 50% (p = 0.001) in the significant SCH-LT4 group and to 60% (p = 0.025) in the mild SCH-LT4 group. In the mild SCH-control group, MASLD prevalence improved slightly but non-significantly from 100 to 75% (p = 0.164). Compared to other groups, the significant SCH-LT4 group showed greater improvements in metabolic parameters, including weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and C-reactive protein, emphasizing the notable impact of levothyroxine. Conclusion This study highlights that LT4 treatment can significantly improve MASLD, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation in MASLD patients with SCH, particularly in those with significant SCH. These findings support the clinical use of thyroxine for managing MASLD and dyslipidemia in SCH patients.
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spelling doaj-art-8195c062d92f4a7eb530f0d71a95c9e22025-08-20T02:12:58ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine2090-90982025-02-013711910.1186/s43162-025-00415-yInfluence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled studyZainab Gaber Mahran0Salma Mokhtar Osman1Amira Abdelmawgod2Nahed A. Makhlouf3Elham Ahmed Hassan4Ehab F. Moustafa5Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAbstract Background In recent years, there has been growing awareness of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) linked to hypothyroidism. However, insufficient data exists on how levothyroxine (LT4) replacement therapy impacts MASLD. We aimed to assess the effects of LT4 treatment on dyslipidemia and MASLD in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Methods In a randomized, controlled study, 230 patients with MASLD were screened for SCH, and 182 were diagnosed with SCH. Of these, 30 had significant SCH and 152 had mild SCH. All patients with significant SCH received LT4 therapy (significant SCH-LT4), while those with mild SCH were divided into two groups: 50 received LT4 treatment (mild SCH-LT4) and 102 did not (mild SCH-control). Results Significant improvements in hepatic steatosis severity were observed in the treated groups compared with the control. After LT4 treatment, MASLD prevalence decreased to 50% (p = 0.001) in the significant SCH-LT4 group and to 60% (p = 0.025) in the mild SCH-LT4 group. In the mild SCH-control group, MASLD prevalence improved slightly but non-significantly from 100 to 75% (p = 0.164). Compared to other groups, the significant SCH-LT4 group showed greater improvements in metabolic parameters, including weight, body mass index, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and C-reactive protein, emphasizing the notable impact of levothyroxine. Conclusion This study highlights that LT4 treatment can significantly improve MASLD, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation in MASLD patients with SCH, particularly in those with significant SCH. These findings support the clinical use of thyroxine for managing MASLD and dyslipidemia in SCH patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-025-00415-yDyslipidemiaLevothyroxineMASLDSubclinical hypothyroidism
spellingShingle Zainab Gaber Mahran
Salma Mokhtar Osman
Amira Abdelmawgod
Nahed A. Makhlouf
Elham Ahmed Hassan
Ehab F. Moustafa
Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
Dyslipidemia
Levothyroxine
MASLD
Subclinical hypothyroidism
title Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
title_full Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
title_fullStr Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
title_full_unstemmed Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
title_short Influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism: insights from a randomized controlled study
title_sort influence of levothyroxine replacement on metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease and dyslipidemia in subclinical hypothyroidism insights from a randomized controlled study
topic Dyslipidemia
Levothyroxine
MASLD
Subclinical hypothyroidism
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-025-00415-y
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