In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium
Additive manufacturing of metals often results in microstructural inhomogeneities, leading to the simultaneous or sequential activation of multiple deformation mechanisms. Real-time monitoring of these mechanisms is essential for understanding material behavior. While Digital Image Correlation (DIC)...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028588 |
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| author | Blanca Palacios Sohail M.A.K. Mohammed Tanaji Paul Brandon Aguiar Sean Langan Arvind Agarwal |
| author_facet | Blanca Palacios Sohail M.A.K. Mohammed Tanaji Paul Brandon Aguiar Sean Langan Arvind Agarwal |
| author_sort | Blanca Palacios |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additive manufacturing of metals often results in microstructural inhomogeneities, leading to the simultaneous or sequential activation of multiple deformation mechanisms. Real-time monitoring of these mechanisms is essential for understanding material behavior. While Digital Image Correlation (DIC) effectively evaluates strains during in-situ deformation, its accuracy diminishes at high strain levels, necessitating complementary techniques. This study integrates crystal orientation measurements from Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) with in-situ DIC to investigate deformation characteristics of wire arc directed energy deposited (WDED) single α-phase titanium. Quasi-in-situ tensile tests were conducted to model and validate twin traces focusing on twin system activation guided by crystal orientation and Schmid factor (m) calculations. The (011‾2) [01‾11] twin system displayed the maximum Schmid factor (m = 0.383), indicating a strong propensity for twinning, while the twin system (1‾102) [11‾01] exhibited the least m of 0.0015, exhibiting minimal twin activity during tensile deformation. The twin traces were validated using Schmid factor calculations, which reflect the tendency of preferential deformation twinning in WDED titanium. These findings reveal preferential deformation twinning behavior in WDED titanium, providing insights into the underlying deformation mechanisms and offering directions for the advancement of additively manufactured high-strength structural materials. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-817120e58cf44d72b207416959b59c1d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2238-7854 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Journal of Materials Research and Technology |
| spelling | doaj-art-817120e58cf44d72b207416959b59c1d2025-01-19T06:25:13ZengElsevierJournal of Materials Research and Technology2238-78542025-01-0134273285In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titaniumBlanca Palacios0Sohail M.A.K. Mohammed1Tanaji Paul2Brandon Aguiar3Sean Langan4Arvind Agarwal5Cold Spray and Rapid Advanced Deposition Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, FL, 33174, USACold Spray and Rapid Advanced Deposition Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, FL, 33174, USACold Spray and Rapid Advanced Deposition Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, FL, 33174, USACold Spray and Rapid Advanced Deposition Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, FL, 33174, USASolvus Global LLC, 104 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA, 01605, USACold Spray and Rapid Advanced Deposition Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Florida International University, 10555 West Flagler Street, Miami, FL, 33174, USA; Corresponding author.Additive manufacturing of metals often results in microstructural inhomogeneities, leading to the simultaneous or sequential activation of multiple deformation mechanisms. Real-time monitoring of these mechanisms is essential for understanding material behavior. While Digital Image Correlation (DIC) effectively evaluates strains during in-situ deformation, its accuracy diminishes at high strain levels, necessitating complementary techniques. This study integrates crystal orientation measurements from Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) with in-situ DIC to investigate deformation characteristics of wire arc directed energy deposited (WDED) single α-phase titanium. Quasi-in-situ tensile tests were conducted to model and validate twin traces focusing on twin system activation guided by crystal orientation and Schmid factor (m) calculations. The (011‾2) [01‾11] twin system displayed the maximum Schmid factor (m = 0.383), indicating a strong propensity for twinning, while the twin system (1‾102) [11‾01] exhibited the least m of 0.0015, exhibiting minimal twin activity during tensile deformation. The twin traces were validated using Schmid factor calculations, which reflect the tendency of preferential deformation twinning in WDED titanium. These findings reveal preferential deformation twinning behavior in WDED titanium, providing insights into the underlying deformation mechanisms and offering directions for the advancement of additively manufactured high-strength structural materials.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028588Additive manufacturingDeformationDICIn-situ tensile testTwin trace |
| spellingShingle | Blanca Palacios Sohail M.A.K. Mohammed Tanaji Paul Brandon Aguiar Sean Langan Arvind Agarwal In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium Journal of Materials Research and Technology Additive manufacturing Deformation DIC In-situ tensile test Twin trace |
| title | In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium |
| title_full | In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium |
| title_fullStr | In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium |
| title_full_unstemmed | In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium |
| title_short | In-situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire-arc direct energy deposited (WDED) single phase titanium |
| title_sort | in situ observation of twinning and grain rotation assisted deformation in wire arc direct energy deposited wded single phase titanium |
| topic | Additive manufacturing Deformation DIC In-situ tensile test Twin trace |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2238785424028588 |
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