Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments
This article introduces a new family of orthogonal moments, the fractional Racah moments (FrROMs), developed to meet the demands of copyright protection for medical images, a field requiring robust and secure methods that preserve the integrity of the original image. The FrROMs are derived from a ma...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849552/ |
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| author | Karim El-Khanchouli Hanaa Mansouri Nawal El Ghouate Hicham Karmouni Nour-Eddine Joudar Mhamed Sayyouri S. S. Askar Mohamed Abouhawwash |
| author_facet | Karim El-Khanchouli Hanaa Mansouri Nawal El Ghouate Hicham Karmouni Nour-Eddine Joudar Mhamed Sayyouri S. S. Askar Mohamed Abouhawwash |
| author_sort | Karim El-Khanchouli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This article introduces a new family of orthogonal moments, the fractional Racah moments (FrROMs), developed to meet the demands of copyright protection for medical images, a field requiring robust and secure methods that preserve the integrity of the original image. The FrROMs are derived from a matrix of fractional Racah orthogonal polynomials (FrROPs), which in turn are obtained from the matrix of classical Racah polynomials (ROPs) using the spectral decomposition theorem. To compute the ROPs, we enhanced a method for calculating the initial terms of these polynomials to avoid instability issues associated with higher-order ROPs. Subsequently, the FrROMs are used as descriptors for embedding and extracting a zero-watermark. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed zero-watermarking scheme efficiently leverages the FrROMs, surpassing classical ROMs in terms of robustness and reconstruction capability. This scheme provides strong protection against various image processing attacks while maintaining the original content intact. Compared to existing methods, it stands out for its enhanced robustness and reliability, making a significant contribution to the secure protection of medical images. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-815fedda91b84c62843bdb3605649a8b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-815fedda91b84c62843bdb3605649a8b2025-01-31T00:01:42ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113169781700110.1109/ACCESS.2025.353274710849552Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah MomentsKarim El-Khanchouli0https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3732-1160Hanaa Mansouri1https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7792-3767Nawal El Ghouate2https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1991-8630Hicham Karmouni3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9225-8380Nour-Eddine Joudar4Mhamed Sayyouri5S. S. Askar6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1167-2430Mohamed Abouhawwash7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2846-4707Engineering, Systems and Applications Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, MoroccoEngineering, Systems and Applications Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, MoroccoEngineering, Systems and Applications Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, MoroccoNational School of Applied Sciences, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, MoroccoDepartment of Mathematics, FST, Modelling and Mathematical Structures Laboratory, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, MoroccoEngineering, Systems and Applications Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes, MoroccoDepartment of Statistics and Operations Research, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USAThis article introduces a new family of orthogonal moments, the fractional Racah moments (FrROMs), developed to meet the demands of copyright protection for medical images, a field requiring robust and secure methods that preserve the integrity of the original image. The FrROMs are derived from a matrix of fractional Racah orthogonal polynomials (FrROPs), which in turn are obtained from the matrix of classical Racah polynomials (ROPs) using the spectral decomposition theorem. To compute the ROPs, we enhanced a method for calculating the initial terms of these polynomials to avoid instability issues associated with higher-order ROPs. Subsequently, the FrROMs are used as descriptors for embedding and extracting a zero-watermark. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed zero-watermarking scheme efficiently leverages the FrROMs, surpassing classical ROMs in terms of robustness and reconstruction capability. This scheme provides strong protection against various image processing attacks while maintaining the original content intact. Compared to existing methods, it stands out for its enhanced robustness and reliability, making a significant contribution to the secure protection of medical images.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849552/Fractional-order orthogonal momentsgeometric attacksimage processing attacksmedical image encryptionRacah orthogonal polynomialszero-watermarking |
| spellingShingle | Karim El-Khanchouli Hanaa Mansouri Nawal El Ghouate Hicham Karmouni Nour-Eddine Joudar Mhamed Sayyouri S. S. Askar Mohamed Abouhawwash Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments IEEE Access Fractional-order orthogonal moments geometric attacks image processing attacks medical image encryption Racah orthogonal polynomials zero-watermarking |
| title | Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments |
| title_full | Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments |
| title_fullStr | Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments |
| title_short | Protecting Medical Images Using a Zero-Watermarking Approach Based on Fractional Racah Moments |
| title_sort | protecting medical images using a zero watermarking approach based on fractional racah moments |
| topic | Fractional-order orthogonal moments geometric attacks image processing attacks medical image encryption Racah orthogonal polynomials zero-watermarking |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10849552/ |
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