Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541
Recent high-angular-resolution observations indicate the need for core growth to form high-mass stars. To understand the gas dynamics at the core scale in the very early evolutionary stages before being severely affected by feedback, we have conducted Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (AL...
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2025-01-01
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| author | Kaho Morii Patricio Sanhueza Timea Csengeri Fumitaka Nakamura Sylvain Bontemps Guido Garay Qizhou Zhang |
| author_facet | Kaho Morii Patricio Sanhueza Timea Csengeri Fumitaka Nakamura Sylvain Bontemps Guido Garay Qizhou Zhang |
| author_sort | Kaho Morii |
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| description | Recent high-angular-resolution observations indicate the need for core growth to form high-mass stars. To understand the gas dynamics at the core scale in the very early evolutionary stages before being severely affected by feedback, we have conducted Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations toward a 70 μ m dark massive clump, G337.541-00.082 as part of the Global and Local infall in the ASHES sample (GLASHES) program. Using dense gas tracers such as N _2 H ^+ ( J = 1–0) and HNC ( J = 3–2), we find signs of infall from the position–velocity diagram and more directly from the blue asymmetry profile in addition to the clump-scale velocity gradient. We estimate infall velocities from intermediate and low-mass cores to be 0.28–1.45 km s ^−1 , and infall rates to be on the order of 10 ^−4 –10 ^−3 M _⊙ yr ^−1 , both are higher than those measured in low-mass star-forming regions by more than a factor of 5 and an order of magnitude, respectively. We find a strong correlation between the infall velocity with the nonthermal velocity dispersion, suggesting that infall may contribute significantly to the observed line width. Consistent with clump-fed scenarios, we show that the mass infall rate is larger for larger core masses and shorter distances to the clump center. Such high infall rates in cores embedded in IRDCs can be considered as strong signs of core growth, allowing high-mass star formation from intermediate-mass cores that would not initially form high-mass stars at their current mass. |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-7d6ae54320044450b1e0b6f4ff4827d72025-01-29T05:53:54ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-01979223310.3847/1538-4357/ada27fGlobal and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541Kaho Morii0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6752-6061Patricio Sanhueza1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7125-7685Timea Csengeri2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6018-1371Fumitaka Nakamura3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5431-2294Sylvain Bontemps4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4093-7178Guido Garay5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1649-7958Qizhou Zhang6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-6589Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan ; k.morii.8211@gmail.com; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanNational Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo , Meguro, Tokyo, 152-8551, JapanLaboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux , CNRS, B18N, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, FranceDepartment of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan ; k.morii.8211@gmail.com; National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences , 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, JapanLaboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux , CNRS, B18N, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615, Pessac, FranceDepartamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile , Las Condes, Santiago 7550000, Chile; Chinese Academy of Sciences South America Center for Astronomy , National Astronomical Observatories, CAS, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of ChinaCenter for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USARecent high-angular-resolution observations indicate the need for core growth to form high-mass stars. To understand the gas dynamics at the core scale in the very early evolutionary stages before being severely affected by feedback, we have conducted Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations toward a 70 μ m dark massive clump, G337.541-00.082 as part of the Global and Local infall in the ASHES sample (GLASHES) program. Using dense gas tracers such as N _2 H ^+ ( J = 1–0) and HNC ( J = 3–2), we find signs of infall from the position–velocity diagram and more directly from the blue asymmetry profile in addition to the clump-scale velocity gradient. We estimate infall velocities from intermediate and low-mass cores to be 0.28–1.45 km s ^−1 , and infall rates to be on the order of 10 ^−4 –10 ^−3 M _⊙ yr ^−1 , both are higher than those measured in low-mass star-forming regions by more than a factor of 5 and an order of magnitude, respectively. We find a strong correlation between the infall velocity with the nonthermal velocity dispersion, suggesting that infall may contribute significantly to the observed line width. Consistent with clump-fed scenarios, we show that the mass infall rate is larger for larger core masses and shorter distances to the clump center. Such high infall rates in cores embedded in IRDCs can be considered as strong signs of core growth, allowing high-mass star formation from intermediate-mass cores that would not initially form high-mass stars at their current mass.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada27fInfrared dark cloudsStar formationStar forming regions |
| spellingShingle | Kaho Morii Patricio Sanhueza Timea Csengeri Fumitaka Nakamura Sylvain Bontemps Guido Garay Qizhou Zhang Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 The Astrophysical Journal Infrared dark clouds Star formation Star forming regions |
| title | Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 |
| title_full | Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 |
| title_fullStr | Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 |
| title_short | Global and Local Infall in the ASHES Sample (GLASHES). I. Pilot Study in G337.541 |
| title_sort | global and local infall in the ashes sample glashes i pilot study in g337 541 |
| topic | Infrared dark clouds Star formation Star forming regions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada27f |
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