Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data
Hydrological studies often rely on physical-based modelling approaches to simulate water cycles. However, such an approach requires extensive basin physical data inputs, including features, attributes, and properties that are quantifiable, which often are lacking in data-scarce areas. Therefore, th...
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Universitas Gadjah Mada
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum |
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| Online Access: | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JCEF/article/view/13242 |
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| author | Steven Reinaldo Rusli Theo Senjaya |
| author_facet | Steven Reinaldo Rusli Theo Senjaya |
| author_sort | Steven Reinaldo Rusli |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Hydrological studies often rely on physical-based modelling approaches to simulate water cycles. However, such an approach requires extensive basin physical data inputs, including features, attributes, and properties that are quantifiable, which often are lacking in data-scarce areas. Therefore, this study explores an alternative viewpoint by using simple statistical analysis to assess the dynamic basin’s hydrological characteristics. We collate and divide the rainfall and discharge observation data in the Upper Citarum River basin into three periods: period 1 (2000–2005), period 2 (2000–2010), and period 3 (2000–2015). After defining baseflow separation, we quantify the basin’s baseflow using simple statistical analysis. The 5-years average of the baseflow fluctuations (33.15 m3/s, 12.88 m3/s, and 27.59 m3/s during each period) is in agreement with previous studies’ physical-based results. The subsequent frequency analysis indicates a trend of increasing rainfall, although it is not followed by the trend in the river discharge variable. Due to the stochastic nature of extreme events occurrence and available data length, we evaluate the dynamic basin’s runoff generation using quasi-synthetic rainfall instead of conventional design storm, to equalize the stimuli (rainfall) in evaluating the target system (basin’s hydrological characteristics). Under identical sets of forcing input, the quasi-synthetic river discharge consistently increases in each period, in both the median (15.39% and 25.34%) and extreme (21.86% and 29.46%) values. The results reveal the basin’s evolving hydrological responses, which is mostly influenced by anthropogenic factors. This simple statistical approach enables the evaluation of basin characteristics’ dynamics in data-limited areas, bypassing extensive data collection and random event occurrences, while still providing consistent results.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7cef67ee62214b3f80b3c0e0b16162bf |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2581-1037 2549-5925 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Gadjah Mada |
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| series | Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum |
| spelling | doaj-art-7cef67ee62214b3f80b3c0e0b16162bf2025-01-18T06:58:19ZengUniversitas Gadjah MadaJournal of the Civil Engineering Forum2581-10372549-59252025-01-0111110.22146/jcef.13242Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation DataSteven Reinaldo Rusli0Theo Senjaya1Civil Engineering Department, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Bandung, INDONESIACivil Engineering Department, Universitas Katolik Parahyangan, Bandung, INDONESIA Hydrological studies often rely on physical-based modelling approaches to simulate water cycles. However, such an approach requires extensive basin physical data inputs, including features, attributes, and properties that are quantifiable, which often are lacking in data-scarce areas. Therefore, this study explores an alternative viewpoint by using simple statistical analysis to assess the dynamic basin’s hydrological characteristics. We collate and divide the rainfall and discharge observation data in the Upper Citarum River basin into three periods: period 1 (2000–2005), period 2 (2000–2010), and period 3 (2000–2015). After defining baseflow separation, we quantify the basin’s baseflow using simple statistical analysis. The 5-years average of the baseflow fluctuations (33.15 m3/s, 12.88 m3/s, and 27.59 m3/s during each period) is in agreement with previous studies’ physical-based results. The subsequent frequency analysis indicates a trend of increasing rainfall, although it is not followed by the trend in the river discharge variable. Due to the stochastic nature of extreme events occurrence and available data length, we evaluate the dynamic basin’s runoff generation using quasi-synthetic rainfall instead of conventional design storm, to equalize the stimuli (rainfall) in evaluating the target system (basin’s hydrological characteristics). Under identical sets of forcing input, the quasi-synthetic river discharge consistently increases in each period, in both the median (15.39% and 25.34%) and extreme (21.86% and 29.46%) values. The results reveal the basin’s evolving hydrological responses, which is mostly influenced by anthropogenic factors. This simple statistical approach enables the evaluation of basin characteristics’ dynamics in data-limited areas, bypassing extensive data collection and random event occurrences, while still providing consistent results. https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JCEF/article/view/13242Hydrological characteristicsstatistic-based assessmentbaseflowrunoff generationUpper Citarum River basin |
| spellingShingle | Steven Reinaldo Rusli Theo Senjaya Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Hydrological characteristics statistic-based assessment baseflow runoff generation Upper Citarum River basin |
| title | Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data |
| title_full | Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data |
| title_fullStr | Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data |
| title_short | Assessing Basin’s Dynamic Hydrological Characteristics Using Statistical Analysis on Rainfall – River Discharge Observation Data |
| title_sort | assessing basin s dynamic hydrological characteristics using statistical analysis on rainfall river discharge observation data |
| topic | Hydrological characteristics statistic-based assessment baseflow runoff generation Upper Citarum River basin |
| url | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JCEF/article/view/13242 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stevenreinaldorusli assessingbasinsdynamichydrologicalcharacteristicsusingstatisticalanalysisonrainfallriverdischargeobservationdata AT theosenjaya assessingbasinsdynamichydrologicalcharacteristicsusingstatisticalanalysisonrainfallriverdischargeobservationdata |