Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model
Background: A brachial plexus avulsion occurs when the nerve root separates from the spinal cord during birthing trauma, such as shoulder dystocia or a difficult vaginal delivery. A complete paralysis of the affected levels occurs post-brachial plexus avulsion. Despite being reported in 10–20% of br...
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering |
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| author | Anita Singh Kalyani Ghuge Yashvy Patni Sriram Balasubramanian |
| author_facet | Anita Singh Kalyani Ghuge Yashvy Patni Sriram Balasubramanian |
| author_sort | Anita Singh |
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| description | Background: A brachial plexus avulsion occurs when the nerve root separates from the spinal cord during birthing trauma, such as shoulder dystocia or a difficult vaginal delivery. A complete paralysis of the affected levels occurs post-brachial plexus avulsion. Despite being reported in 10–20% of brachial plexus birthing injuries, it remains poorly diagnosed during the acute stages of injury, leading to poor intervention approaches. The poor diagnosis of brachial plexus avulsion injury can be attributed to the currently unavailable biomechanics of brachial plexus avulsion. While the biomechanical properties of neonatal brachial plexus are available, the forces required to avulse a neonatal brachial plexus remain unknown. Methods: This study aims to provide detailed biomechanics of the required forces and corresponding strains for neonatal brachial plexus avulsion. Biomechanical tensile testing was performed on an isolated, clinically relevant piglet spinal cord and brachial plexus complex, and the required avulsion forces and strains were measured. Results: The reported failure forces and corresponding strains were 3.9 ± 1.6 N at a 27.9 ± 6.5% strain, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained data are required to understand the avulsion injury biomechanics and provide the necessary experimental data for computational model development that serves as an ideal surrogate for understanding complicated birthing injuries in newborns. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-79fff725798445d7a4e478af7fa62705 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2306-5354 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Bioengineering |
| spelling | doaj-art-79fff725798445d7a4e478af7fa627052025-01-24T13:23:14ZengMDPI AGBioengineering2306-53542025-01-011219110.3390/bioengineering12010091Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet ModelAnita Singh0Kalyani Ghuge1Yashvy Patni2Sriram Balasubramanian3Bioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USABioengineering Department, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USANorth Creek High School, Bothell, WA 98012, USASchool of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USABackground: A brachial plexus avulsion occurs when the nerve root separates from the spinal cord during birthing trauma, such as shoulder dystocia or a difficult vaginal delivery. A complete paralysis of the affected levels occurs post-brachial plexus avulsion. Despite being reported in 10–20% of brachial plexus birthing injuries, it remains poorly diagnosed during the acute stages of injury, leading to poor intervention approaches. The poor diagnosis of brachial plexus avulsion injury can be attributed to the currently unavailable biomechanics of brachial plexus avulsion. While the biomechanical properties of neonatal brachial plexus are available, the forces required to avulse a neonatal brachial plexus remain unknown. Methods: This study aims to provide detailed biomechanics of the required forces and corresponding strains for neonatal brachial plexus avulsion. Biomechanical tensile testing was performed on an isolated, clinically relevant piglet spinal cord and brachial plexus complex, and the required avulsion forces and strains were measured. Results: The reported failure forces and corresponding strains were 3.9 ± 1.6 N at a 27.9 ± 6.5% strain, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained data are required to understand the avulsion injury biomechanics and provide the necessary experimental data for computational model development that serves as an ideal surrogate for understanding complicated birthing injuries in newborns.https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/1/91avulsionneonatalbrachial plexusbiomechanicsstrainload |
| spellingShingle | Anita Singh Kalyani Ghuge Yashvy Patni Sriram Balasubramanian Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model Bioengineering avulsion neonatal brachial plexus biomechanics strain load |
| title | Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model |
| title_full | Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model |
| title_fullStr | Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model |
| title_full_unstemmed | Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model |
| title_short | Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model |
| title_sort | experimental biomechanics of neonatal brachial plexus avulsion injuries using a piglet model |
| topic | avulsion neonatal brachial plexus biomechanics strain load |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5354/12/1/91 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT anitasingh experimentalbiomechanicsofneonatalbrachialplexusavulsioninjuriesusingapigletmodel AT kalyanighuge experimentalbiomechanicsofneonatalbrachialplexusavulsioninjuriesusingapigletmodel AT yashvypatni experimentalbiomechanicsofneonatalbrachialplexusavulsioninjuriesusingapigletmodel AT srirambalasubramanian experimentalbiomechanicsofneonatalbrachialplexusavulsioninjuriesusingapigletmodel |