Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in neoplastic initiation and progression. Epigenetic machinery, governing the expression of core oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in transformed cells, significantly contributes to tumor development at both primary and distant sites. Recent s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/71 |
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| author | Kang Liu Yue Li Minmin Shen Wei Xu Shanshan Wu Xinxin Yang Bo Zhang Nengming Lin |
| author_facet | Kang Liu Yue Li Minmin Shen Wei Xu Shanshan Wu Xinxin Yang Bo Zhang Nengming Lin |
| author_sort | Kang Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in neoplastic initiation and progression. Epigenetic machinery, governing the expression of core oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in transformed cells, significantly contributes to tumor development at both primary and distant sites. Recent studies have illuminated how epigenetic mechanisms integrate external cues and downstream signals, altering the phenotype of stromal cells and immune cells. This remolds the area surrounding tumor cells, ultimately fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, correcting the TME by targeting the epigenetic modifications holds substantial promise for cancer treatment. This review synthesizes recent research that elucidates the impact of specific epigenetic regulations—ranging from DNA methylation to histone modifications and chromatin remodeling—on stromal and immune cells within the TME. Notably, we highlight their functional roles in either promoting or restricting tumor progression. We also discuss the potential applications of epigenetic agents for cancer treatment, envisaging their ability to normalize the ecosystem. This review aims to assist researchers in understanding the dynamic interplay between epigenetics and the TME, paving the way for better epigenetic therapy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-792d8f77259845a7965da892a6bb6abd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj-art-792d8f77259845a7965da892a6bb6abd2025-01-24T13:25:04ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2025-01-011517110.3390/biom15010071Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor MicroenvironmentKang Liu0Yue Li1Minmin Shen2Wei Xu3Shanshan Wu4Xinxin Yang5Bo Zhang6Nengming Lin7College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaCollege of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311402, ChinaThe tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a pivotal role in neoplastic initiation and progression. Epigenetic machinery, governing the expression of core oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes in transformed cells, significantly contributes to tumor development at both primary and distant sites. Recent studies have illuminated how epigenetic mechanisms integrate external cues and downstream signals, altering the phenotype of stromal cells and immune cells. This remolds the area surrounding tumor cells, ultimately fostering an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Therefore, correcting the TME by targeting the epigenetic modifications holds substantial promise for cancer treatment. This review synthesizes recent research that elucidates the impact of specific epigenetic regulations—ranging from DNA methylation to histone modifications and chromatin remodeling—on stromal and immune cells within the TME. Notably, we highlight their functional roles in either promoting or restricting tumor progression. We also discuss the potential applications of epigenetic agents for cancer treatment, envisaging their ability to normalize the ecosystem. This review aims to assist researchers in understanding the dynamic interplay between epigenetics and the TME, paving the way for better epigenetic therapy.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/71tumor microenvironmentepigenetic modificationepigenetic therapyimmune therapy |
| spellingShingle | Kang Liu Yue Li Minmin Shen Wei Xu Shanshan Wu Xinxin Yang Bo Zhang Nengming Lin Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment Biomolecules tumor microenvironment epigenetic modification epigenetic therapy immune therapy |
| title | Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment |
| title_full | Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment |
| title_short | Epigenetic Regulation of Stromal and Immune Cells and Therapeutic Targets in the Tumor Microenvironment |
| title_sort | epigenetic regulation of stromal and immune cells and therapeutic targets in the tumor microenvironment |
| topic | tumor microenvironment epigenetic modification epigenetic therapy immune therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/15/1/71 |
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