The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients
Objective: Left ventricular dysfunction commonly occurs as a complication after acute myocardial infarction. This study sought to explore the occurrence of acute left ventricular dysfunction among patients who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Methods: A prospective observatio...
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Rawalpindi Medical University
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College |
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| Online Access: | https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2578 |
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| author | Kausar Malik Faiza Batool Shazia Siddiq Lubna Meraj |
| author_facet | Kausar Malik Faiza Batool Shazia Siddiq Lubna Meraj |
| author_sort | Kausar Malik |
| collection | DOAJ |
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Objective: Left ventricular dysfunction commonly occurs as a complication after acute myocardial infarction. This study sought to explore the occurrence of acute left ventricular dysfunction among patients who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over 12 months from February 2022 to January 2023. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the participants following informed consent. All patients aged 18 or more admitted with acute myocardial infarction confirmed by clinical, ECG findings and cardiac biomarkers were included in the study and patients with pre-existing valvular heart disease, previous history of myocardial infarction and history of cardiac surgery were excluded from the study. Socio-demographic details and risk factors like hypertension and diabetes were recorded, alongside presenting symptoms and vital signs. Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular function, including ejection fraction and other parameters. Data was analyzed utilizing SPSS version 28. The ejection fraction data were stratified into three distinct categories: 1) between 25% and 40%, 2) between 41% and 55%, and 3) between 55% and 70%. The Chi-square test was employed to assess significant differences in the proportion of patients with different demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and risk factors falling into each category. The level of statistical significance was p <0.05.
Results: 100 patients with acute myocardial infarction were recruited. 69% were male and the mean age was 61 years. Most patients (55%) had an ejection fraction (EF) between 25% and 40% and the majority of patients (63%) had acute anterior MI. The coexistence of hypertension with diabetes and smoking was prevalent (74% and 48% respectively), with significant associations (p = 0.000 and 0.02). A substantial difference in EF distribution was observed between anterior and inferior wall MI patients (p = <0.0001), with 71% of anterior MI patients having EF below 40%, compared to 27% of inferior MI patients.
Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the decrease in ejection fraction observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction, particularly those presenting with anterior wall MI.
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-77adf0fd3000421eba2f18095ab03eb6 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1683-3562 1683-3570 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Rawalpindi Medical University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College |
| spelling | doaj-art-77adf0fd3000421eba2f18095ab03eb62025-02-06T08:34:58ZengRawalpindi Medical UniversityJournal of Rawalpindi Medical College1683-35621683-35702024-09-0128310.37939/jrmc.v28i3.2578The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Kausar Malik0Faiza Batool1Shazia Siddiq2Lubna MerajHITEC IMS Taxila CanttHITEC IMSPonch Medical College, Rawalakot, AJK Objective: Left ventricular dysfunction commonly occurs as a complication after acute myocardial infarction. This study sought to explore the occurrence of acute left ventricular dysfunction among patients who have experienced an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital over 12 months from February 2022 to January 2023. Non-probability convenience sampling technique was used to recruit the participants following informed consent. All patients aged 18 or more admitted with acute myocardial infarction confirmed by clinical, ECG findings and cardiac biomarkers were included in the study and patients with pre-existing valvular heart disease, previous history of myocardial infarction and history of cardiac surgery were excluded from the study. Socio-demographic details and risk factors like hypertension and diabetes were recorded, alongside presenting symptoms and vital signs. Echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular function, including ejection fraction and other parameters. Data was analyzed utilizing SPSS version 28. The ejection fraction data were stratified into three distinct categories: 1) between 25% and 40%, 2) between 41% and 55%, and 3) between 55% and 70%. The Chi-square test was employed to assess significant differences in the proportion of patients with different demographic characteristics, co-morbidities and risk factors falling into each category. The level of statistical significance was p <0.05. Results: 100 patients with acute myocardial infarction were recruited. 69% were male and the mean age was 61 years. Most patients (55%) had an ejection fraction (EF) between 25% and 40% and the majority of patients (63%) had acute anterior MI. The coexistence of hypertension with diabetes and smoking was prevalent (74% and 48% respectively), with significant associations (p = 0.000 and 0.02). A substantial difference in EF distribution was observed between anterior and inferior wall MI patients (p = <0.0001), with 71% of anterior MI patients having EF below 40%, compared to 27% of inferior MI patients. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the decrease in ejection fraction observed in patients with acute myocardial infarction, particularly those presenting with anterior wall MI. https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2578acute myocardial infarctionleft ventricular ejection fractionanterior wall myocardial infarction |
| spellingShingle | Kausar Malik Faiza Batool Shazia Siddiq Lubna Meraj The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College acute myocardial infarction left ventricular ejection fraction anterior wall myocardial infarction |
| title | The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients |
| title_full | The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients |
| title_fullStr | The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients |
| title_short | The Effect Of Demographic Factors And Comorbidities On Ejection Fraction Outcome In Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients |
| title_sort | effect of demographic factors and comorbidities on ejection fraction outcome in acute myocardial infarction patients |
| topic | acute myocardial infarction left ventricular ejection fraction anterior wall myocardial infarction |
| url | https://www.journalrmc.com/index.php/JRMC/article/view/2578 |
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