Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae
Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) animals are bred and maintained to exclude pathogens associated with significant morbidity or mortality, which may pose a risk to research replicability. The BALB/c strain is distributed globally and is among the most commonly used inbred strains in immunology and infect...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867024007669 |
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| author | Luciene Silva dos Santos Sayros Akyro Soares Martins Francine Ramos Scheffer Alexandre Seiji Maekawa Rafaela de Paula Silva Gabriel Rabelo de Araújo Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho Marina Rovani Drummond |
| author_facet | Luciene Silva dos Santos Sayros Akyro Soares Martins Francine Ramos Scheffer Alexandre Seiji Maekawa Rafaela de Paula Silva Gabriel Rabelo de Araújo Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho Marina Rovani Drummond |
| author_sort | Luciene Silva dos Santos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Specific Pathogen-Free (SPF) animals are bred and maintained to exclude pathogens associated with significant morbidity or mortality, which may pose a risk to research replicability. The BALB/c strain is distributed globally and is among the most commonly used inbred strains in immunology and infectious disease research. Despite being a widely distributed bacterium that causes chronic infection, Bartonella henselae infection has not been investigated in any protocol that characterizes SPF animals. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential natural infection of laboratory animals of the BALB/c lineage by B. henselae. To achieve this, ten immunocompetent BALB/c mice were obtained directly from the bioterium and euthanized for collection of samples, including blood, skin, spleen, liver, heart, eye, kidney, intestine, esophagus, and brain. DNA was extracted using a commercial kit and tested via nested PCR for the ftsZ gene, as well as conventional PCR and qualitative real-time PCR using Sybr® Green for the citrate synthase gene (gltA), all specific reactions for B. henselae. All animals showed detection of B. henselae DNA in at least two different reactions in different tissues. The sequenced amplicons showed 100 % similarity to B. henselae. The use of mice infected by B. henselae in experiments is undesirable, as the bacteria can affect several aspects of the animal's physiology and consequently influence the results of the project, especially when subjected to immunosuppression. More studies are needed to understand and confirm the natural infection in experimental animals by Bartonella spp.. To date, no additional published reports of contamination of experimental animals by these bacteria have been identified. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7746d1c6a0a141ff8e778de027e97ed2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1413-8670 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-7746d1c6a0a141ff8e778de027e97ed22025-01-26T05:03:34ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases1413-86702025-01-01291104483Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselaeLuciene Silva dos Santos0Sayros Akyro Soares Martins1Francine Ramos Scheffer2Alexandre Seiji Maekawa3Rafaela de Paula Silva4Gabriel Rabelo de Araújo5Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho6Marina Rovani Drummond7Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Memorial University of Newfoundland, Faculty of Medicine – Endocrinology, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, CanadaUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilUniversidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Departamento de Medicina, Divisão de Dermatologia, Campinas, SP, Brazil; Corresponding author at: Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, Brazil.Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (FCM), Laboratório de Pesquisa Aplicada Dermatologia e Infecção por Bartonella, Campinas, SP, BrazilSpecific Pathogen-Free (SPF) animals are bred and maintained to exclude pathogens associated with significant morbidity or mortality, which may pose a risk to research replicability. The BALB/c strain is distributed globally and is among the most commonly used inbred strains in immunology and infectious disease research. Despite being a widely distributed bacterium that causes chronic infection, Bartonella henselae infection has not been investigated in any protocol that characterizes SPF animals. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential natural infection of laboratory animals of the BALB/c lineage by B. henselae. To achieve this, ten immunocompetent BALB/c mice were obtained directly from the bioterium and euthanized for collection of samples, including blood, skin, spleen, liver, heart, eye, kidney, intestine, esophagus, and brain. DNA was extracted using a commercial kit and tested via nested PCR for the ftsZ gene, as well as conventional PCR and qualitative real-time PCR using Sybr® Green for the citrate synthase gene (gltA), all specific reactions for B. henselae. All animals showed detection of B. henselae DNA in at least two different reactions in different tissues. The sequenced amplicons showed 100 % similarity to B. henselae. The use of mice infected by B. henselae in experiments is undesirable, as the bacteria can affect several aspects of the animal's physiology and consequently influence the results of the project, especially when subjected to immunosuppression. More studies are needed to understand and confirm the natural infection in experimental animals by Bartonella spp.. To date, no additional published reports of contamination of experimental animals by these bacteria have been identified.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867024007669MiceInbred balb/cSpecific pathogen-free organismsBartonella henselae |
| spellingShingle | Luciene Silva dos Santos Sayros Akyro Soares Martins Francine Ramos Scheffer Alexandre Seiji Maekawa Rafaela de Paula Silva Gabriel Rabelo de Araújo Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho Marina Rovani Drummond Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases Mice Inbred balb/c Specific pathogen-free organisms Bartonella henselae |
| title | Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae |
| title_full | Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae |
| title_short | Investigation of natural infection of BALB C mice by Bartonella henselae |
| title_sort | investigation of natural infection of balb c mice by bartonella henselae |
| topic | Mice Inbred balb/c Specific pathogen-free organisms Bartonella henselae |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867024007669 |
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