Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters
The limited resources available for Smart Meter (SM) devices on large-scale Smart Grid (SG) networks impose several constraints on SMs authentication. Currently, available authentication schemes are not suitable for this type of network. In particular, factors such as power and memory consumption im...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Mathematics |
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| author | Lewis Nkenyereye Abhijeet Thakare Priyanka Khataniar Raju Imandi Pavan Kumar B N |
| author_facet | Lewis Nkenyereye Abhijeet Thakare Priyanka Khataniar Raju Imandi Pavan Kumar B N |
| author_sort | Lewis Nkenyereye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The limited resources available for Smart Meter (SM) devices on large-scale Smart Grid (SG) networks impose several constraints on SMs authentication. Currently, available authentication schemes are not suitable for this type of network. In particular, factors such as power and memory consumption impact the protocol efficiency and the device lifetime. Furthermore, high computational complexity leads to scalability issues in real-world scenarios, wherein large SGs need to handle a huge number of requests coming at a high rate. In this paper, we propose a lightweight authentication protocol for Smart Grids (LAP-SG), a novel scheme accounting for real resource-constrained SM providing reduced computation power, memory requirements, communication overhead, and electricity consumption. We prove the security of LAP-SG using both informal security analysis and a formal security model. We further prove the security of LAP-SG by testing it using AVISPA and ProVerif tools, showing its security against all known attacks. To assess LAP-SG performance in a real-world scenario, we measure its performance using the configuration of the Atmel family of SM devices. When compared to the state of the art, LAP-SG attains three times Smaller computation cost, reduced communication costs (up to 400 bits), and nearly four times lower storage cost. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-769e9dc67f7a47f3b51c7ecbd9e30f4e |
| institution | OA Journals |
| issn | 2227-7390 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mathematics |
| spelling | doaj-art-769e9dc67f7a47f3b51c7ecbd9e30f4e2025-08-20T02:03:25ZengMDPI AGMathematics2227-73902025-02-0113458010.3390/math13040580Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart MetersLewis Nkenyereye0Abhijeet Thakare1Priyanka Khataniar2Raju Imandi3Pavan Kumar B N4Department of Computer and Information Security, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Industrial Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Computer Science, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar 783370, Assam, IndiaComputer Science and Engineering Group, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri City 517646, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaComputer Science and Engineering Group, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Sri City 517646, Andhra Pradesh, IndiaThe limited resources available for Smart Meter (SM) devices on large-scale Smart Grid (SG) networks impose several constraints on SMs authentication. Currently, available authentication schemes are not suitable for this type of network. In particular, factors such as power and memory consumption impact the protocol efficiency and the device lifetime. Furthermore, high computational complexity leads to scalability issues in real-world scenarios, wherein large SGs need to handle a huge number of requests coming at a high rate. In this paper, we propose a lightweight authentication protocol for Smart Grids (LAP-SG), a novel scheme accounting for real resource-constrained SM providing reduced computation power, memory requirements, communication overhead, and electricity consumption. We prove the security of LAP-SG using both informal security analysis and a formal security model. We further prove the security of LAP-SG by testing it using AVISPA and ProVerif tools, showing its security against all known attacks. To assess LAP-SG performance in a real-world scenario, we measure its performance using the configuration of the Atmel family of SM devices. When compared to the state of the art, LAP-SG attains three times Smaller computation cost, reduced communication costs (up to 400 bits), and nearly four times lower storage cost.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/4/580Smart Grid communicationsenergy network security and privacynetwork architecture and protocols |
| spellingShingle | Lewis Nkenyereye Abhijeet Thakare Priyanka Khataniar Raju Imandi Pavan Kumar B N Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters Mathematics Smart Grid communications energy network security and privacy network architecture and protocols |
| title | Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters |
| title_full | Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters |
| title_fullStr | Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters |
| title_short | Lightweight Authentication Protocol for Smart Grids: An Energy-Efficient Authentication Scheme for Resource-Limited Smart Meters |
| title_sort | lightweight authentication protocol for smart grids an energy efficient authentication scheme for resource limited smart meters |
| topic | Smart Grid communications energy network security and privacy network architecture and protocols |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/13/4/580 |
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