Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco
Study region: The downstream part of the Souss-Massa Basin, Central Western part of Morocco, Northwestern Africa. Study focus: The Souss-Massa coastal area (SMCA) is known for tourism, fishing, and agriculture activities, which require intensive pumping of groundwater. This situation exacerbates aqu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581824004774 |
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| author | Yassine Ez-zaouy Lhoussaine Bouchaou Mohammed Hssaisoune Abdelhaq Aangri Gianluigi Busico Saadou Oumarou Danni Oumaima Attar Mohamed Nehmadou Aicha Saad Yassine Ait Brahim |
| author_facet | Yassine Ez-zaouy Lhoussaine Bouchaou Mohammed Hssaisoune Abdelhaq Aangri Gianluigi Busico Saadou Oumarou Danni Oumaima Attar Mohamed Nehmadou Aicha Saad Yassine Ait Brahim |
| author_sort | Yassine Ez-zaouy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Study region: The downstream part of the Souss-Massa Basin, Central Western part of Morocco, Northwestern Africa. Study focus: The Souss-Massa coastal area (SMCA) is known for tourism, fishing, and agriculture activities, which require intensive pumping of groundwater. This situation exacerbates aquifer depletion, reduce groundwater quality, and leads to seawater intrusion. Hence, the investigation of vulnerability and risk of seawater intrusion became a priority in the SMCA. An improved GALDIT (composed by nine parameters: groundwater occurrence (G), hydraulic conductivity (A), groundwater above sea level (L), distance from the shore (D), impact of existing status of sea water intrusion (I), thickness of the aquifer (T), river contribution (R), hydraulic gradient (HG), detected and probable seawater intrusion (DPSWI) was applied in the study area using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Sensitivity Analysis (SA) to map groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion (GWVSI). Moreover, the risk map of seawater intrusion has been created through the combination of the groundwater vulnerability map and the Water Quality Index map (WQI). Our results show that improved GALDIT provides a better overview on groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion in comparison to the standard approach. The study area has five levels of vulnerability, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high, which present 15 %, 1.3 %, 19.8 %, 5.5 %, and 58.4 %, respectively. The risk map indicates five levels (low, moderate, high, very high, and extreme), with the southwestern area being the most exposed to the risk of marine intrusion. Finally, the results of this study have been validated using mapped seawater intrusion, and groundwater quality index (GQIsw). Based on the results, we propose a management plan to preserve and manage the coastal aquifer of the Souss-Massa basin. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-758b1418d596407e885bc393e177d8ec |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2214-5818 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies |
| spelling | doaj-art-758b1418d596407e885bc393e177d8ec2025-01-22T05:42:08ZengElsevierJournal of Hydrology: Regional Studies2214-58182025-02-0157102128Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, MoroccoYassine Ez-zaouy0Lhoussaine Bouchaou1Mohammed Hssaisoune2Abdelhaq Aangri3Gianluigi Busico4Saadou Oumarou Danni5Oumaima Attar6Mohamed Nehmadou7Aicha Saad8Yassine Ait Brahim9Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), International Water Research Institute, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; Corresponding author.Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), International Water Research Institute, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; Laboratory of Applied Geology and Geo-Environment, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80035, MoroccoMohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), International Water Research Institute, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco; Laboratory of Applied Geology and Geo-Environment, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80035, Morocco; Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University Agadir, MoroccoEarth Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences University Ibn Tofail Kenitra, MoroccoUniversity of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Via Vivaldi 43, Caserta 81100, ItalyLaboratory of Applied Geology and Geo-Environment, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir 80035, MoroccoMohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), International Water Research Institute, Ben Guerir 43150, MoroccoHydraulic Agency of Souss-Massa Basin, Agadir, 80035, MoroccoLaboratory of Geo-Bio-Environment Engineering and Innovation (2GBEI), Ibn Zohr University, PO BOX 271, Taroudant 83000, MoroccoMohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), International Water Research Institute, Ben Guerir 43150, MoroccoStudy region: The downstream part of the Souss-Massa Basin, Central Western part of Morocco, Northwestern Africa. Study focus: The Souss-Massa coastal area (SMCA) is known for tourism, fishing, and agriculture activities, which require intensive pumping of groundwater. This situation exacerbates aquifer depletion, reduce groundwater quality, and leads to seawater intrusion. Hence, the investigation of vulnerability and risk of seawater intrusion became a priority in the SMCA. An improved GALDIT (composed by nine parameters: groundwater occurrence (G), hydraulic conductivity (A), groundwater above sea level (L), distance from the shore (D), impact of existing status of sea water intrusion (I), thickness of the aquifer (T), river contribution (R), hydraulic gradient (HG), detected and probable seawater intrusion (DPSWI) was applied in the study area using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Sensitivity Analysis (SA) to map groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion (GWVSI). Moreover, the risk map of seawater intrusion has been created through the combination of the groundwater vulnerability map and the Water Quality Index map (WQI). Our results show that improved GALDIT provides a better overview on groundwater vulnerability to seawater intrusion in comparison to the standard approach. The study area has five levels of vulnerability, very low, low, moderate, high, and very high, which present 15 %, 1.3 %, 19.8 %, 5.5 %, and 58.4 %, respectively. The risk map indicates five levels (low, moderate, high, very high, and extreme), with the southwestern area being the most exposed to the risk of marine intrusion. Finally, the results of this study have been validated using mapped seawater intrusion, and groundwater quality index (GQIsw). Based on the results, we propose a management plan to preserve and manage the coastal aquifer of the Souss-Massa basin.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581824004774Groundwater vulnerabilityCoastal aquiferSeawater intrusionSouss-MassaMorocco |
| spellingShingle | Yassine Ez-zaouy Lhoussaine Bouchaou Mohammed Hssaisoune Abdelhaq Aangri Gianluigi Busico Saadou Oumarou Danni Oumaima Attar Mohamed Nehmadou Aicha Saad Yassine Ait Brahim Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies Groundwater vulnerability Coastal aquifer Seawater intrusion Souss-Massa Morocco |
| title | Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco |
| title_full | Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco |
| title_fullStr | Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco |
| title_short | Groundwater vulnerability and, risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability: Case of the Souss-Massa coastal area, Morocco |
| title_sort | groundwater vulnerability and risk assessment of seawater intrusion for the development of a strategy plan towards sustainability case of the souss massa coastal area morocco |
| topic | Groundwater vulnerability Coastal aquifer Seawater intrusion Souss-Massa Morocco |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214581824004774 |
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