LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) contributes to the atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression by several mechanisms, including the induction of endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, macrophage foam cell formation, and smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Vascular wal...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2013-01-01
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| Series: | Mediators of Inflammation |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/152786 |
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| author | Angela Pirillo Giuseppe Danilo Norata Alberico Luigi Catapano |
| author_facet | Angela Pirillo Giuseppe Danilo Norata Alberico Luigi Catapano |
| author_sort | Angela Pirillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) contributes to the atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression by several mechanisms, including the induction of endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, macrophage foam cell formation, and smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Vascular wall cells express on their surface several scavenger receptors that mediate the cellular effects of OxLDL. The lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is the main OxLDL receptor of endothelial cells, and it is expressed also in macrophages and smooth muscle cells. LOX-1 is almost undetectable under physiological conditions, but it is upregulated following the exposure to several proinflammatory and proatherogenic stimuli and can be detected in animal and human atherosclerotic lesions. The key contribution of LOX-1 to the atherogenic process has been confirmed in animal models; LOX-1 knockout mice exhibit reduced intima thickness and inflammation and increased expression of protective factors; on the contrary, LOX-1 overexpressing mice present an accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation which is associated with increased inflammation. In humans, LOX-1 gene polymorphisms were associated with increased susceptibility to myocardial infarction. Inhibition of the LOX-1 receptor with chemicals or antisense nucleotides is currently being investigated and represents an emerging approach for controlling OxLDL-LOX-1 mediated proatherogenic effects. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-751faa5d2aae4a25818d700fd175e42f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0962-9351 1466-1861 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Mediators of Inflammation |
| spelling | doaj-art-751faa5d2aae4a25818d700fd175e42f2025-02-03T07:24:35ZengWileyMediators of Inflammation0962-93511466-18612013-01-01201310.1155/2013/152786152786LOX-1, OxLDL, and AtherosclerosisAngela Pirillo0Giuseppe Danilo Norata1Alberico Luigi Catapano2Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, ItalyCenter for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, 20092 Cinisello Balsamo, ItalyIRCCS Multimedica, 20162 Milan, ItalyOxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) contributes to the atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression by several mechanisms, including the induction of endothelial cell activation and dysfunction, macrophage foam cell formation, and smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. Vascular wall cells express on their surface several scavenger receptors that mediate the cellular effects of OxLDL. The lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is the main OxLDL receptor of endothelial cells, and it is expressed also in macrophages and smooth muscle cells. LOX-1 is almost undetectable under physiological conditions, but it is upregulated following the exposure to several proinflammatory and proatherogenic stimuli and can be detected in animal and human atherosclerotic lesions. The key contribution of LOX-1 to the atherogenic process has been confirmed in animal models; LOX-1 knockout mice exhibit reduced intima thickness and inflammation and increased expression of protective factors; on the contrary, LOX-1 overexpressing mice present an accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation which is associated with increased inflammation. In humans, LOX-1 gene polymorphisms were associated with increased susceptibility to myocardial infarction. Inhibition of the LOX-1 receptor with chemicals or antisense nucleotides is currently being investigated and represents an emerging approach for controlling OxLDL-LOX-1 mediated proatherogenic effects.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/152786 |
| spellingShingle | Angela Pirillo Giuseppe Danilo Norata Alberico Luigi Catapano LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis Mediators of Inflammation |
| title | LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_full | LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_fullStr | LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_short | LOX-1, OxLDL, and Atherosclerosis |
| title_sort | lox 1 oxldl and atherosclerosis |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/152786 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT angelapirillo lox1oxldlandatherosclerosis AT giuseppedanilonorata lox1oxldlandatherosclerosis AT albericoluigicatapano lox1oxldlandatherosclerosis |